Clinical and Molecular Hepatology

"Eileen L. Yoon"

Original Articles

Evaluating Treatment Response Thresholds for Cost-Effective Treatment in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Eileen L. Yoon, Jeong-Yeon Cho, Huiyul Park, Mimi Kim, Ji-hyeon Park, Hye-Lin Kim, Dae Won Jun; Received July 18, 2025 Accepted October 30, 2025 Published online November 3, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2025.0796 [Accepted]

Abstract
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Background & Aims
The first metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) drug was approved with an unsatisfactorily small effect size. This study aimed to determine key factors impacting the cost-effectiveness of a new hypothetical metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) drug as well as its treatment efficacy.
Methods
A Markov model reflecting the natural history of MASLD was developed, incorporating fibrosis progression, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and mortality. Treatment effect of Drug X (with $20,000 of annual cost) was assumed to achieve a ≥1 stage fibrosis regression, with a 25% gap of effect size in regression rate over no treatment in the first year. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) over a 20-year horizon was estimated. And sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore uncertainty and identify influential factors.
Results
In the base-case analysis, drug X provided an incremental gain of 1.32 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and 1.20 life years (LYs) compared to the no treatment, with an ICER of $68,010/QALY – below the $100,000/QALY willingness-to-pay threshold, indicating that Drug X treatment is cost-effective. Two-way sensitivity analysis further highlighted that the drug should achieve at least a 15% initial regression gap and maintain a minimum 3% sustained durability gap to remain cost-effective. And baseline fibrosis stage distribution also acted as an influencing factor.
Conclusions
Long-term sustained durability of the hypothetical drug, patient distribution based on baseline fibrosis stage, as well as initial treatment response rate are key factors that influence the cost-effectiveness of new MASLD drugs.

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Switching to besifovir in patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: A randomized trial: Hyung Joon Yim, Yeon Seok Seo, Ji Hoon Kim, Won Kim, Young Kul Jung, Jae Young Jang, Sae Hwan Lee, Yun Soo Kim, Chang Wook Kim, Hyoung Su Kim, Jae-Jun Shim, Eun-Young Cho, In Hee Kim, Byung Seok Lee, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Byung Seok Kim, Jeong Won Jang, Hyun Woong Lee, Jung Hyun Kwon, Moon Young Kim, Do Seon Song, Jung Gil Park, Yoon Seok Lee, Eileen L. Yoon, Han Ah Lee, Seong Hee Kang, Jin Mo Yang; Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31(3):810-822.
Published online January 17, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0819

Background/Aims
Besifovir (BSV) showed comparable antiviral activity and superior safety profiles to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, no data are available regarding the antiviral efficacy and safety of BSV in patients with CHB who switched from long-term TDF to BSV. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of a 48-week BSV therapy in patients with CHB who switched from long-term TDF treatment.
Methods
In this non-inferiority trial, 153 CHB patients treated with TDF for ≥48 weeks who had hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA <20 IU/mL were randomized to receive either BSV 150 mg or TDF 300 mg for 48 weeks.
Results
The per-protocol analysis included 130 patients (BSV group, 64; TDF group, 66). The median duration of TDF use before enrollment was 4.14 years. After 48 weeks, 100.0% and 98.5% patients in the BSV and TDF groups, respectively, met the primary endpoint (HBV DNA <20 IU/mL), demonstrating the non-inferior antiviral efficacy of BSV to TDF (95% confidence interval –0.01 to 0.04; P>0.999), with a predefined margin of –0.18. The mean percentage changes in estimated glomerular filtration rates were slightly better in the BSV group (1.67±11.73%) than in the TDF group (–1.24±11.02%). The BSV group showed a significant improvement in bone turnover biomarkers compared to the TDF group; accordingly, hip and spine bone mineral density increased in the BSV group.
Conclusions
In patients with CHB receiving long-term TDF, switching to BSV may improve renal and bone safety with non-inferior antiviral efficacy compared to that of maintaining TDF.

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Tenofovir amibufenamide in chronic hepatitis B: Lipid changes and 144-week safety with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-to-tenofovir amibufenamide switch
Zhi-Hao Zeng, Jin-Qing Liu, Min Zhang, Cai-Liang Qiu, Zhen-Yu Xu
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Correspondence to Editorial on “Switching to Besifovir in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: A Randomized Trial”
Hyung Joon Yim, Seong Hee Kang, Young Kul Jung, Jin Mo Yang
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Correspondence

Steatotic liver disease

Correspondence on Letter regarding “Waiting for the changes after the adoption of steatotic liver disease”: Eileen L. Yoon, Dae Won Jun; Clin Mol Hepatol 2024;30(1):126-128.
Published online November 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2023.0500

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Special Review

Steatotic liver disease

Waiting for the changes after the adoption of steatotic liver disease: Eileen L. Yoon, Dae Won Jun; Clin Mol Hepatol 2023;29(4):844-850.
Published online September 6, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2023.0291

Abstract
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Steatotic liver disease was suggested as an overarching term encompassing various etiologies of hepatic steatosis. Experts from multinational liver societies went through the Delphi process, including four rounds of surveys, and consented to adopt a new nomenclature and definition instead of the conventional nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This was to improve the understanding of the patients and primary care physicians, with an explanation of the pathophysiology in the name of the disease. Also, it could minimize the stigmatization of patients by using the histological neutral term “steatosis” instead of “fatty”. Herein, we will discuss the changes and continuity between the two nomenclatures, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and NAFLD, as well as the challenges to MASLD which need to be addressed in future.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Reply to: “Is liver fibrosis more advanced in MetALD than in MASLD?”
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JHEP Reports.2025; 7(4): 101313. CrossRef
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European Journal of Internal Medicine.2025; 133: 141. CrossRef
Cigarette Smoke Contributes to the Progression of MASLD: From the Molecular Mechanisms to Therapy
Jiatong Xu, Yifan Li, Zixuan Feng, Hongping Chen
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Runmin Cao, Yurun Zhang, Ling Cao, Honghe Jiang
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2025; 37(5): 652. CrossRef
A novel 11β-HSD1 inhibitor ameliorates liver fibrosis by inhibiting the notch signaling pathway and increasing NK cell population
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Archives of Pharmacal Research.2025; 48(2): 166. CrossRef
Molecular Clustering of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Based on Transcriptome Analysis
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Diagnostics.2025; 15(3): 342. CrossRef
Dietary Patterns Rich in Soybean Products, Vegetables, Fish, Fruits, and Miso Soup Were Inversely Associated with Fatty Liver Index: The Nagahama Study
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Journal of Advanced Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease, Recent Revision of Terminology and Its Implications
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Young Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Have an Increased Risk of Early-Onset Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study Differentiating the Risk of 23 Site-Specific Cancers
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Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(11): 3821. CrossRef
Cost-effectiveness analysis of MASLD screening using FIB-4 based two-step algorithm in the medical check-up
Mimi Kim, Huiyul Park, Eileen L. Yoon, Ramsey Cheung, Donghee Kim, Hye-Lin Kim, Dae Won Jun
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Gut-Liver Axis: The Role of Intestinal Microbiota and Their Metabolites in the Progression of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Chao Cui, Shuai Gao, Jingfei Shi, Kai Wang
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Comparison of the Efficacy of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Diabetic Patients with Steatotic Liver Disease
Yunmi Ko, Moon Haeng Hur, Youngsu Park, Jeayeon Park, Hyunjae Shin, Yun Bin Lee, Eun Ju Cho, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Su Jong Yu, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Yoon Jun Kim
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Misclassification of Alcohol Use Disorder in MASLD and MetALD: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes
Jun-Hyuk Lee, Sung-Ho Ahn, Jimin Park, So Young Jeon, Eileen L. Yoon, Hye Sun Lee, Dae Won Jun
Gut and Liver.2025; 19(5): 735. CrossRef
Paired snRNA-seq and scRNA-seq analysis of MASLD patients to identify early-stage markers for disease progression
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Hepatology Communications.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Changing from NAFLD to MASLD: Similar prognosis of unresectable extrahepatic gastrointestinal cancer under chemotherapy between NAFLD and MASLD
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Journal of Hepatology.2024; 80(4): e150. CrossRef
Three-Step Algorithm for Screening High-Risk Group of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in General Population
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Changing from NAFLD to MASLD: Similar prognosis of patients with HCC under atezolizumab/bevacizumab treatment between NAFLD and MASLD
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Joo Hyun Oh, Dae Won Jun
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(2): 168. CrossRef
Similar respiratory function including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
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Prognosis of biopsy-confirmed metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver disease: A sub-analysis of the CLIONE study
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Changes in the terminology and diagnostic criteria of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Implications and opportunities
Muhammed Mubarak
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Diagnostic performances of Fibrosis‐4 index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease in Asian primary care clinics
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Hepatology Research.2024; 54(11): 1027. CrossRef
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Jiwon Yang, Won‐Mook Choi, Danbi Lee, Ju Hyun Shim, Kang Mo Kim, Young‐Suk Lim, Han Chu Lee, Jonggi Choi
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Barriers to care linkage and educational impact on unnecessary MASLD referrals
Jun-Hyuk Lee, Eileen Laurel Yoon, Ju Hyun Oh, Kyunam Kim, Sang Bong Ahn, Dae Won Jun
Frontiers in Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A New Korean Nomenclature for Steatotic Liver Disease

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Sumin Kim, Nahyun Jeong, Jeayeon Park, Hyojin Noh, Ja Oh Lee, Su Jong Yu, Ja-Lok Ku
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Li Chen
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Correspondence on Letter regarding “Waiting for the changes after the adoption of steatotic liver disease”
Eileen L. Yoon, Dae Won Jun
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 30(1): 126. CrossRef
Changing from NAFLD to MASLD: Similar cumulative incidence of reflux esophagitis between NAFLD and MASLD
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Correspondence

Steatotic liver disease

Correspondence on Letter regarding “Risk factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease”: Eileen L. Yoon, Dae Won Jun; Clin Mol Hepatol 2023;29(4):1050-1051.
Published online August 29, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2023.0310

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Reply to correspondence on “Prognosis of biopsy-confirmed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A sub-analysis of the CLIONE study”
Eileen Laurel Yoon, Dae Won Jun
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(4): 1033. CrossRef

6,523 View
50 Download
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Reviews

Steatotic liver disease

Risk factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Eunji Ko, Eileen L. Yoon, Dae Won Jun; Clin Mol Hepatol 2023;29(Suppl):S79-S85.
Published online December 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2022.0398

Abstract
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease, with a global prevalence estimated at approximately 25%. NAFLD is also the leading cause of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Additionally, the risk of cardiovascular disease increases with greater NAFLD severity. The liver- and cardiovascular disease-related mortality incident rate ratios among the NAFLD population were 0.77 and 4.79 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. We intend to discuss the risk factors associated with NAFLD in terms of development and progression. Obesity or higher body mass index is closely associated with NAFLD in a dose-dependent manner, but growing evidence suggests that central obesity plays a more important role in the development of NAFLD. Saturated fat and fructose have been reported to be closely related to NAFLD. Fructose intake promotes lipogenesis and impairs mitochondria fat oxidation. The presence of type 2 diabetes is the most powerful predictive risk factor for hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Single nucleotide polymorphism is not only associated with the prevalence of NAFLD but also associated with increased liver disease mortality. Obstructive sleep apnea, intestinal dysbiosis, and sarcopenia are associated with the development of NAFLD

Citations

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Molecular Clustering of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Based on Transcriptome Analysis
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Therapeutic mechanisms and beneficial effects of non-antidiabetic drugs in chronic liver diseases: Han Ah Lee, Young Chang, Pil Soo Sung, Eileen L. Yoon, Hye Won Lee, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Young-Sun Lee, Jihyun An, Do Seon Song, Young Youn Cho, Seung Up Kim, Yoon Jun Kim; Clin Mol Hepatol 2022;28(3):425-472.
Published online July 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2022.0186

Abstract
PDF

The global burden of chronic liver disease (CLD) is substantial. Due to the limited indication of and accessibility to antiviral therapy in viral hepatitis and lack of effective pharmacological treatment in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the beneficial effects of antidiabetics and non–antidiabetics in clinical practice have been continuously investigated in patients with CLD. In this narrative review, we focused on non-antidiabetic drugs, including ursodeoxycholic acid, silymarin, dimethyl4,4’-dimethoxy-5,6,5’,6’-dimethylenedixoybiphenyl-2,2’-dicarboxylate, L-ornithine L-aspartate, branched chain amino acids, statin, probiotics, vitamin E, and aspirin, and summarized their beneficial effects in CLD. Based on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, and regulatory functions in glucose or lipid metabolism, several non–antidiabetic drugs have shown beneficial effects in improving liver histology, aminotransferase level, and metabolic parameters and reducing risks of hepatocellular carcinoma and mortality, without significant safety concerns, in patients with CLD. Although the effect as the centerpiece management in patients with CLD is not robust, the use of these non-antidiabetic drugs might be potentially beneficial as an adjuvant or combined treatment strategy.

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Original Article

Discovery of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor specific biomarker in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease mouse models using modified basket trial: Ju Hee Oh, Dae Won Jun, Hye Young Kim, Seung Min Lee, Eileen L. Yoon, Jungwook Hwang, Jung Hwan Park, Hanbi Lee, Wankyu Kim, Hyunsung Kim; Clin Mol Hepatol 2022;28(3):497-509.
Published online April 28, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2022.0019

Background/Aims
We aimed to define an optimal target population and drug-specific biomarkers that may predict dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitor responses in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Methods
An exploration study (study I) was performed using three different NAFLD models (basket study design; high-fat diet [HFD], methionine choline-deficient diet [MCD], and high-cholesterol Western diet [WD] models). RNA transcriptome analysis was performed on pre-studied liver tissues to identify biomarkers that could predict the response to DPP-4 inhibitors. In the validation study (study II), the HFD-induced NAFLD model was divided into high and low hepatic insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (Igfbp-1) groups based on the pre-study liver biopsy.
Results
DPP-4 inhibitor attenuated the NAFLD activity score and fibrosis stage in the HFD model but not in the WD and MCD models. The overall response rate was 19% across the modified basket NAFLD trial and 42%, 25%, and 0% in the HFD, WD, and MCD models. Hepatic Igfbp-1 expression was higher in the responder group than in the non-responder group in pre-study biopsy samples. In contrast, hepatic Igfbp-1 expression was lower in the responder group than in the non-responder group in the end-study biopsy samples. DPP-4 inhibitor response rates were 83% and 17% in the baseline hepatic high Igfbp-1 and low Igfbp-1 groups, respectively. Hepatic messenger RNA Igfbp-1 expression was positively correlated with serum IGFBP-1 levels.
Conclusions
The DPP-4 inhibitor response was higher in the HFD phenotype and pre-treatment levels of hepatic or serum IGFBP-1 were high.

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Editorial

Liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension

A need for patient-centered care in managing patients with liver cirrhosis: Eileen L. Yoon; Clin Mol Hepatol 2021;27(2):270-272.
Published online January 27, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2021.0001

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Original Article

Acute liver injury and Acute liver failure

Acute-on-chronic liver failure as a major predictive factor for mortality in patients with variceal bleeding: Jongbeom Shin, Jung Hwan Yu, Young-Joo Jin, Hyung Joon Yim, Young Kul Jung, Jin Mo Yang, Do Seon Song, Young Seok Kim, Sang Gyune Kim, Dong Joon Kim, Ki Tae Suk, Eileen L. Yoon, Sang Soo Lee, Chang Wook Kim, Hee Yeon Kim, Jae Young Jang, Soung Won Jeong, on Behalf of the Korean Acute-onChronic Liver Failure (KACLiF) Study Group; Clin Mol Hepatol 2020;26(4):540-553.
Published online September 17, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2020.0034

Background/Aims
This study examined the risk factors associated with mortality in cirrhotic patients hospitalized with variceal bleeding, and evaluated the effects of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) on the prognosis of these patients.
Methods
This study was retrospectively conducted on patients registered in the Korean acute-on-chronic liver failure study cohort, and on 474 consecutive cirrhotic patients hospitalized with variceal bleeding from January 2013 to December 2013 at 21 university hospitals. ACLF was defined as described by the European Association for the Study of Liver-Chronic Liver Failure Consortium.
Results
Among a total of 474 patients, 61 patients were diagnosed with ACLF. The cumulative overall survival (OS) rate was lower in the patients with ACLF than in those without (P<0.001), and patients with higher ACLF grades had a lower OS rate (P<0.001). The chronic liver failure-sequential organ failure assessment (CLIF-SOFA) score was identified as a significant prognostic factor in patients hospitalized with variceal bleeding (hazard ratio [HR], 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–1.50; P<0.001), even in ACLF patients with variceal bleeding (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.19–1.46, P<0.001). Concerning the prediction of the mortality risk at 28- and 90-day using CLIF-SOFA scores, c-statistics were 0.895 (95% CI, 0.829–0.962) and 0.897 (95% CI, 0.842–0.951), respectively, and the optimal cut-off values were 6.5 and 6.5, respectively.
Conclusions
In cirrhotic patients hospitalized with variceal bleeding, the prognosis was poor when accompanied by ACLF, especially depending upon CLIF-SOFA score. CLIF-SOFA model well predicted the 28-day or 90-day mortality for cirrhotic patients who experienced variceal bleeding.

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Viral hepatitis

Comparison of clinical practice guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B: When to start, when to change, and when to stop: Hyung Joon Yim, Ji Hoon Kim, Jun Yong Park, Eileen L. Yoon, Hana Park, Jung Hyun Kwon, Dong Hyun Sinn, Sae Hwan Lee, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Hyun Woong Lee; Clin Mol Hepatol 2020;26(4):411-429.
Published online August 28, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2020.0049

Abstract
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Clinical practice guidelines are important for guiding the management of specific diseases by medical practitioners, trainees, and nurses. In some cases, the guidelines are utilized as a reference for health policymakers in controlling diseases with a large public impact. With this in mind, practice guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) have been developed in the United States, Europe, and Asian-Pacific regions to suggest the best-fit recommendations for each social and medical circumstance. Recently, the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver published a revised version of its clinical practice guidelines for the management of CHB. The guidelines included updated information based on newly available antiviral agents, the most recent opinion on the initiation and cessation of treatment, and updates for the management of drug resistance, partial virological response, and side effects. Additionally, CHB management in specific situations was comprehensively revised. This review compares the similarities and differences among the various practice guidelines to identify unmet needs and improve future recommendations.

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Hyung Joon Yim, Ji Hoon Kim, Yong Kyun Cho, Young Oh Kweon, Hyun Chin Cho, Jae Seok Hwang, Changhyeong Lee, Moon Soo Koh, Yang-Hyun Baek, Young-Min Park, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Seung Up Kim, Min-Kyu Kang, Neung Hwa Park, June Sung Lee, Young Eun Chon, Gab Jin Ch
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Prognostic Impact of MAFLD Following Surgical Resection of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Byungyoon Yun, Sang Hoon Ahn, Juyeon Oh, Jin-Ha Yoon, Beom Kyung Kim
Cancers.2022; 14(20): 5002. CrossRef
Long-Term Prediction Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Receiving Antiviral Therapy: Based on Data from Korean Patients
Ji Hun Lee, Seung Kak Shin, Seong Hee Kang, Tae Hyung Kim, Hyung Joon Yim, Sun Young Yim, Young-Sun Lee, Young Kul Jung, Ji Hoon Kim, Yeon Seok Seo, Jong Eun Yeon, Oh Sang Kwon, Soon Ho Um, Kwan Soo Byun
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Tae Hyung Kim, Young Kul Jung, Hyung Joon Yim, Joo Won Baik, Sun Young Yim, Young-Sun Lee, Yeon Seok Seo, Ji Hoon Kim, Jong Eun Yeon, Kwan Soo Byun
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2022; 28(4): 876. CrossRef
Secondary prevention of hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma with current antiviral therapies
Jonggi Choi, Young‐Suk Lim
The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences.2021; 37(4): 262. CrossRef
External validation of CAGE‐B and SAGE‐B scores for Asian chronic hepatitis B patients with well‐controlled viremia by antivirals
Jung Hyun Ji, Soo Young Park, Won Jeong Son, Hye Jung Shin, Hyein Lee, Hye Won Lee, Jae Seung Lee, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Beom Kyung Kim
Journal of Viral Hepatitis.2021; 28(6): 951. CrossRef
Association of Physical Activity with the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B
Ho Soo Chun, Sojeong Park, Minjong Lee, Yuri Cho, Ha Sung Kim, A Reum Choe, Hwi Young Kim, Kwon Yoo, Tae Hun Kim
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No Uniformity in the References of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Bariatric Surgery: a Review of 3 Similar Guidelines Published in 2020.
Mark J. R. Smeets, Ronald S. L. Liem
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Impact of tenofovir alafenamide vs. entecavir on hepatocellular carcinoma risk in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Hye Won Lee, Young Youn Cho, Hyein Lee, Jae Seung Lee, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Beom Kyung Kim, Soo Young Park
Hepatology International.2021; 15(5): 1083. CrossRef
Treatment efficacy by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy vs. sorafenib after liver-directed concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Sojung Han, Hye Jin Choi, Seung-Hoon Beom, Hye Rim Kim, Hyein Lee, Jae Seung Lee, Hye Won Lee, Jun Yong Park, Seung Up Kim, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jinsil Seong, Jong Yun Won, Beom Kyung Kim
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2021; 147(10): 3123. CrossRef
The Prognostic Role of On-Treatment Liver Stiffness for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B
Hye Won Lee, Hyun Woong Lee, Jae Seung Lee, Yun Ho Roh, Hyein Lee, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Beom Kyung Kim
Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.2021; Volume 8: 467. CrossRef
Critical Updates on Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in 2021
Cyriac A Philips, Rizwan Ahamed, Jinsha K Abduljaleel, Sasidharan Rajesh, Philip Augustine
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Revised Korean Antiviral Guideline Reduces the Hepatitis B-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Cirrhotic Patients
David Sooik Kim, Soo Young Park, Beom Kyung Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Kwang-Hyub Han, Yu Rim Lee, Won Young Tak, Young Oh Kweon, Inkyung Jung, Minkyung Han, Eun Hwa Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Seung Up Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Novel Therapies of Hepatitis B and D
Iman Waheed Khan, Mati Ullah Dad Ullah, Mina Choudhry, Mukarram Jamat Ali, Muhammad Ashar Ali, Sam L. K. Lam, Pir Ahmad Shah, Satinder Pal Kaur, Daryl T. Y. Lau
Microorganisms.2021; 9(12): 2607. CrossRef
Benefits and Risks of Antiviral Treatment during Pregnancy in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B
Yoon Seok Lee, Soo Min Bang, Young-Sun Lee
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(11): 2320. CrossRef
Effect of tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic hepatitis B
Hye Won Lee, Young Youn Cho, Hyein Lee, Jae Seung Lee, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Beom Kyung Kim, Soo Young Park
Journal of Viral Hepatitis.2021; 28(11): 1570. CrossRef
Efficacy of entecavir, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and tenofovir alafenamide in treatment-naive hepatitis B patients
Hye Yeon Chon, Sang Hoon Ahn, Yoon Jun Kim, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Dong Hyun Sinn, Seung Up Kim
Hepatology International.2021; 15(6): 1328. CrossRef
Progress and challenges in the comprehensive management of chronic viral hepatitis: Key ways to achieve the elimination
Fátima Higuera-de la Tijera, Alfredo Servín-Caamaño, Luis Servín-Abad
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 27(26): 4004. CrossRef
Novel Liver Stiffness-Based Nomogram for Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection Initiating Antiviral Therapy
Jae Seung Lee, Hyun Woong Lee, Tae Seop Lim, Hye Jung Shin, Hye Won Lee, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Beom Kyung Kim
Cancers.2021; 13(23): 5892. CrossRef

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Viral hepatitis

Current status and strategies for the control of viral hepatitis A in Korea: Eileen L. Yoon, Dong Hyun Sinn, Hyun Woong Lee, Ji Hoon Kim; Clin Mol Hepatol 2017;23(3):196-204.
Published online September 19, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2017.0034

Abstract
PDF

Hepatitis A virus is one of the most frequent causes of foodborne infection, which is closely associated with sanitary conditions and hygienic practices. The clinical spectrum of acute hepatitis A is wide, ranging from mild case without any noticeable symptoms to severe case with acute liver failure leading to mortality. The severity and outcome are highly correlated with age at infection. In developing countries, most people are infected in early childhood without significant symptom. Ironically, in area where sanitary condition has improved rapidly, adults who do not have immunity for viral hepatitis A (VH-A) in early childhood is accumulating. Adults without immunity are exposed to risks of symptomatic disease and large outbreaks in society. In Korea, where hygiene has improved rapidly, acute hepatitis A is a significant health burden that needs to be managed with nationwide health policy. The incidence of symptomatic VH-A has increased since 2000 and peaked in 2009. Korea has designated hepatitis A as a group 1 nationally notifiable infectious disease in 2001. Since 2001, mandatory surveillance system has been established to detect every single case of acute hepatitis A. Universal, nationwide vaccination program for newborns was introduced in 2015. In this review, we will present the current epidemiologic status of viral hepatitis A, and evaluate the effectiveness of the current nationwide strategies for the control of viral hepatitis A in Korea. Furthermore, we presented some action proposals that can help eliminate viral hepatitis A, which is a significant health burden in Korea.

Citations

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The Shifting Epidemiology of Hepatitis A in the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region
Nina G. Gloriani, Sheriah Laine M. de Paz-Silava, Robert D. Allison, Yoshihiro Takashima, Tigran Avagyan
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Current perspectives of viral hepatitis
Daisuke Usuda, Yuki Kaneoka, Rikuo Ono, Masashi Kato, Yuto Sugawara, Runa Shimizu, Tomotari Inami, Eri Nakajima, Shiho Tsuge, Riki Sakurai, Kenji Kawai, Shun Matsubara, Risa Tanaka, Makoto Suzuki, Shintaro Shimozawa, Yuta Hotchi, Ippei Osugi, Risa Katou,
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Hepatitis A: Viral Structure, Classification, Life Cycle, Clinical Symptoms, Diagnosis Error, and Vaccination
Omid Gholizadeh, Sama Akbarzadeh, Mohamad Ghazanfari Hashemi, Marjan Gholami, Parya Amini, Zahra Yekanipour, Raheleh Tabatabaie, Saman Yasamineh, Parastoo Hosseini, Vahdat Poortahmasebi, Lalit Batra
Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Investigating the spatio-temporal variation of hepatitis A in Korea using a Bayesian model
Jaehong Jeong, Mijeong Kim, Jungsoon Choi
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Antibody Positivity Rates of Vaccine-preventable Diseases among New Healthcare Workers in a Teaching Hospital and Affecting Factors, 2019-2023
Eunjung Kim, Se Ju Lee, Jae Hyoung Im, Jin-Soo Lee, Jihyeon Baek
Korean Journal of Healthcare-Associated Infection Control and Prevention.2023; 28(2): 216. CrossRef
Influence of temperature and precipitation on the incidence of hepatitis A in Seoul, Republic of Korea: a time series analysis using distributed lag linear and non-linear model
Kiook Baek, Jonghyuk Choi, Jong-Tae Park, Kyeongmin Kwak
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Epidemiology of liver failure in Asia‐Pacific region
Ankur Jindal, Shiv K. Sarin
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The chronological changes in the seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis A virus IgG from 2005 to 2019: Experience at four centers in the capital area of South Korea
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Hepatitis A Outbreak Characteristics: A Comparison of Regions with Different Vaccination Strategies, Spain 2010–2018
Angela Domínguez, Carmen Varela, Núria Soldevila, Conchita Izquierdo, María Guerrero, Marina Peñuelas, Ana Martínez, Pere Godoy, Eva Borràs, Cristina Rius, Núria Torner, Ana María Avellón, Jesús Castilla
Vaccines.2021; 9(11): 1214. CrossRef
The changing gender differences in hepatitis a incidence in South Korea
Young June Choe, Hyunjin Son
Vaccine.2020; 38(4): 712. CrossRef
Autoimmune Hepatic Failure Following Acute Hepatitis A is Accompanied by Inflammatory Conversion of Regulatory T Cells
Galam Leem, Beom Kyung Kim, Eui-Cheol Shin, Jun Yong Park
Yonsei Medical Journal.2020; 61(1): 100. CrossRef
Prevention and management of viral hepatitis in inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical practice guideline by the Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases
Soo-Kyung Park, Chang Hwan Choi, Jaeyoung Chun, Heeyoung Lee, Eun Sun Kim, Jae Jun Park, Chan Hyuk Park, Bo-In Lee, Yunho Jung, Dong-Il Park, Do Young Kim, Hana Park, Yoon Tae Jeen
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Case Report for Severe Hepatitis A Treated in a Korean Hospital
Sul-Ki Kim, Cheon-Hoo Jeon, Nam-Heon Lee, Jung-Hyo Cho, Chang-Gue Son
Journal of Korean Medicine.2020; 41(4): 100. CrossRef
A Model to Predict 1‐Month Risk of Transplant or Death in Hepatitis A–Related Acute Liver Failure
Jin Dong Kim, Eun Ju Cho, Choonghyun Ahn, Sue K. Park, Jong Young Choi, Han Chu Lee, Do Young Kim, Moon Seok Choi, Hee Jung Wang, In Hee Kim, Jong Eun Yeon, Yeon Seok Seo, Won Young Tak, Moon Young Kim, Heon Ju Lee, Yun Soo Kim, Dae Won Jun, Joo Hyun Sohn
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KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B

Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2019; 25(2): 93. CrossRef
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus in Pediatric Patients with Hematologic Malignancies after Chemotherapy and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Ja Un Moon, A-Luem Han, Eui Soo Lee, Seong koo Kim, Seung Beom Han, Jae Wook Lee, Nack-Gyun Chung, Bin Cho, Dae Chul Jeong, Jin Han Kang
Infection & Chemotherapy.2019; 51(2): 183. CrossRef
Perspectives on Acute Hepatitis A Control in Korea
Seong Hee Kang, Moon Young Kim, Soon Koo Baik
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Causes and countermeasures for repeated outbreaks of hepatitis A among adults in Korea
Moran Ki, Hyunjin Son, Bo Youl Choi
Epidemiology and Health.2019; 41: e2019038. CrossRef
A Case of Graves' Disease Accompanied with Acute Hepatitis A Virus Infection
Seong Eun Hong, Jin Woo Choo, Soo Kyung Lim, Seong Jin Lee, Ji Won Park, Sung Eun Kim, Jong Hyeok Kim, Choong Kee Park
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2018; 71(6): 354. CrossRef
Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis Viruses and Hepatitis B Genotypes of Female Marriage Immigrants in Korea
Jae-Cheol Kwon, Hye Young Chang, Oh Young Kwon, Ji Hoon Park, In Soo Oh, Hyung Joon Kim, Jun Hyung Lee, Ha-Jung Roh, Hyun Woong Lee
Yonsei Medical Journal.2018; 59(9): 1072. CrossRef

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216 Download
20 Web of Science
Crossref

Case Reports

Liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension

Severe ischemic bowel necrosis caused by terlipressin during treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: Hae Rim Kim, Young Sun Lee, Hyung Joon Yim, Hyun Joo Lee, Ja Young Ryu, Hyun Jung Lee, Eileen L. Yoon, Sun Jae Lee, Jong Jin Hyun, Sung Woo Jung, Ja Seol Koo, Rok Sun Choung, Sang Woo Lee, Jai Hyun Choi; Clin Mol Hepatol 2013;19(4):417-420.
Published online December 28, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2013.19.4.417

Abstract
PDF

Terlipressin is a vasopressin analogue that is widely used in the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome or variceal bleeding. Because it acts mainly on splanchnic vessels, terlipressin has a lower incidence of severe ischemic complications than does vasopressin. However, it can still lead to serious complications such as myocardial infarction, skin necrosis, or bowel ischemia. Herein we report a case of severe ischemic bowel necrosis in a 46-year-old cirrhotic patient treated with terlipressin. Although the patient received bowel resection, death occurred due to ongoing hypotension and metabolic acidosis. Attention should be paid to patients complaining of abdominal pain during treatment with terlipressin.

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Dorothy Liu, Adam Testro, Avik Majumdar, Marie Sinclair
Hepatology Communications.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of 12- to 24-Hour Versus 72-Hour Intravenous Terlipressin in Patients With Acute Esophageal Variceal Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Mohammad Al Hayek, Bisher Sawaf, Shahem Abbarh, Sudheer Dhoop, Abdallah Khashan, Ahmed Hassan, Alhasan Saleh Alzubi, Abdelrahman F. Abdelwahed, Abdussalam I. A. Alzein, Mohamedhen Vall Nounou, Yaseen Alastal, Muhammed Elhadi
Journal of Pharmacy Technology.2025; 41(3): 124. CrossRef
A Review of Terlipressin in Hepatorenal Syndrome: Targeting Endothelial Dysfunction and Subsequent Cardiovascular Adverse Events
Adrienne M. Bielawski, William H. Frishman
Cardiology in Review.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Terlipressin‐induced skin necrosis in cirrhotic patients—A case report and comprehensive literature review
Ashraf I. Ahmed, Muhammad Zain Kaleem, Shahem Abbarh, Haider Hussein Barjas, Abdellatif Ismail, Mhd Kutaiba Albuni, Bisher Sawaf
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Varvara A. Kirchner, Sadhana Shankar, David W. Victor, Tomohiro Tanaka, Nicolas Goldaracena, Roberto I. Troisi, Kim M. Olthoff, Jong Man Kim, Elizabeth A. Pomfret, Nigel Heaton, Wojtek G. Polak, Akash Shukla, Ravi Mohanka, Deniz Balci, Mark Ghobrial, Suba
Transplantation.2023; 107(10): 2238. CrossRef
Practice guidance for the use of terlipressin for liver cirrhosis–related complications
Xingshun Qi, Zhaohui Bai, Qiang Zhu, Gang Cheng, Yu Chen, Xiaowei Dang, Huiguo Ding, Juqiang Han, Lei Han, Yingli He, Fanpu Ji, Hongxu Jin, Bimin Li, Hongyu Li, Yiling Li, Zhiwei Li, Bang Liu, Fuquan Liu, Lei Liu, Su Lin, Dapeng Ma, Fanping Meng, Ruizhao
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Chih-Wei Tseng, Cheng-Li Lin, Yu-Tso Chen, Long-Bin Jeng, Michael G. Fehlings
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Double‐blind randomized controlled trial of the routine perioperative use of terlipressin in adult living donor liver transplantation
Mettu Srinivas Reddy, Ilankumaran Kaliamoorthy, Akila Rajakumar, Selvakumar Malleeshwaran, Ellango Appuswamy, Sukanya Lakshmi, Joy Varghese, Mohamed Rela
Liver Transplantation.2017; 23(8): 1007. CrossRef
Ischemic Colitis Caused by Terlipressin during Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome
Se Jin Park, Seung Hyun Lee, Ju Yeol Heo, Ki Wook Kim, Kyung-Ah Kim, June Sung Lee
The Korean Journal of Medicine.2016; 90(5): 406. CrossRef
Terlipressin

Reactions Weekly.2014; 1523(1): 178. CrossRef

10,822 View
118 Download
Crossref

Hepatic neoplasm

A case of necrotizing pancreatitis subsequent to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma: Song-I Bae, Jong Eun Yeon, Jong Mee Lee, Ji Hoon Kim, Hyun Jung Lee, Sun Jae Lee, Sang Jun Suh, Eileen L. Yoon, Hae Rim Kim, Kwan Soo Byun, Tae-Seok Seo; Korean J Hepatol 2012;18(3):321-325.
Published online September 25, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2012.18.3.321

Abstract
PDF

Necrotizing pancreatitis is one of the rare complications of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Necrotizing pancreatitis after TACE may result from the development of ischemia caused by regurgitation of embolic materials into the vessels supplying the pancreas. We report a case of post-TACE necrotizing pancreatitis with abscess formation in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient had suffered hepatic artery injury due to repetitive TACE; during his 25th TACE procedure he had submitted to selective catheterization of the feeding vessel from the dorsal pancreatic artery with a cytotoxic agent and Gelfoam particles. The patient complained of abdominal pain after the TACE procedure, and a CT scan led to a diagnosis of necrotizing pancreatitis with abscess formation. The pancreatic abscess progressed despite general management of the pancreatitis, including antibiotics. Percutaneous catheter drainage was performed, and the symptoms of the patient improved.

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ACUTE NECROTIZING PANCREATITIS AFTER TRANSARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZATION IN A PATIENT WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CANCER: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
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Xiao Jing Wang, Navtej Buttar, Andrew C. Storm
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Pancreas lipiodol embolism induced acute necrotizing pancreatitis following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma
Youwen Tan, Jianhui Sheng, Huiying Tan, Jianzhong Mao
Medicine.2019; 98(48): e18095. CrossRef
Gastric and duodenal ischaemia after transarterial chemoembolisation for hepatocellular carcinoma: an unexpected but significant complication
Sai Pavan Chintalapati, Arpan Patel, Hari Conjeevaram
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Establishment and characterization of McA‑RH7777 cells using virus‑mediated stable overexpression of enhanced green fluorescent protein
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Takashi Yamaguchi, Toshihito Seki, Atsushi Komemushi, Kanehiko Suwa, Rinako Tsuda, Ryosuke Inokuchi, Miki Murata, Michiko Yuki, Yoko Harima, Kazuichi Okazaki
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Natascha Roehlen, Richard F. Knoop, Katharina Laubner, Jochen Seufert, Henning Schwacha, Robert Thimme, Andreas Fischer
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Shin Il Kim, Young-Joo Jin, Soon Gu Cho, Woo Young Shin, Joon Mee Kim, Jin-Woo Lee
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Jianfei Tu, Zhongzhi Jia, Xihui Ying, Dengke Zhang, Shaoqin Li, Feng Tian, Guomin Jiang
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Danny Ngo, Jemianne Bautista Jia, Christopher S. Green, Anjalie T. Gulati, Chandana Lall
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Spontaneous Hepaticoduodenal and Choledochoduodenal Fistula Mimicking Duodenal Ulcer Perforation, a Very Rare Complication of Transarterial Chemoembolization
Varayu Prachayakul, Pitulak Aswakul
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Doxorubicin/ethiodized oil/gelatin

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66 Download
Crossref

Clinical courses after administration of oral corticosteroids in patients with severely cholestatic acute hepatitis A; three cases: Eileen L. Yoon, Hyung Joon Yim, Seung Young Kim, Jeong Han Kim, Ju-Han Lee, Young Sun Lee, Hyun Jung Lee, Sung Woo Jung, Sang Woo Lee, Jai Hyun Choi; Korean J Hepatol 2010;16(3):329-333.
Published online September 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/kjhep.2010.16.3.329

Abstract
PDF

Acute hepatitis A is currently outbreaking in Korea. Although prognosis of acute hepatitis A is generally favorable, a minority of patients are accompanied by fatal complications. Severe cholestasis is one of the important causes of prolonged hospitalization in patients with acute hepatitis A. In such cases, higher chances of additional complications and increased medical costs are inevitable. We report three cases of severely cholestatic hepatitis A, who showed favorable responses to oral corticosteroids. Thirty milligram of prednisolone was initiated and tapered according to the responses. Rapid improvement was observed in all cases without side effects. We suggest that corticosteroid administration can be useful in hepatitis A patients with severe cholestasis who do not show improvement by conservative managements. Clinical trial will be needed to evaluate effectiveness of corticosteroids in these patients.

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