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"Silvia Sookoian"

Review Article

Panomics in MASLD: Unravelling the drivers of disease heterogeneity
Carlos José Pirola, Silvia Sookoian
Received August 27, 2025  Accepted October 25, 2025  Published online October 27, 2025  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2025.0960    [Accepted]
The knowledge accumulated over the past two decades has revealed that the natural history of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and the drivers of the disease severity are not only complex but also exhibit variation among patients. This intricate clinical scenario entails major therapeutic and management implications. In this review, we provide a comprehensive examination of recent advancements in our understanding of MASLD heterogeneity, drawing insights from multiomics and panomics studies. The discussion herein explores the instrumental role of panomics in MASLD research, elucidating the potential for the identification of molecular subtypes that exhibit divergent survival outcomes or heterogeneous responses to various treatments. Furthermore, we provide insights into the challenges in addressing disease heterogeneity and potential solutions. Finally, the most advanced technological advancements and prospective research directions in the domain of MASLD research are delineated, with the
objective
of facilitating the implementation of personalized diagnosis and interventions.
  • 464 View
  • 42 Download

Original Article

Steatotic liver disease

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease exhibits sex-specific microbial heterogeneity within intestinal compartments
Carlos Jose Pirola, Maria Silvina Landa, Mariano Schuman, Silvia Inés García, Adrian Salatino, Silvia Sookoian
Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31(1):179-195.
Published online October 11, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0359
Background/Aims
Evidence suggests that the gastrointestinal microbiome plays a significant role in the biology of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, it remains unclear whether disparities in the gut microbiome across intestinal tissular compartments between the sexes lead to MASLD pathogenesis.
Methods
Sex-specific analyses of microbiome composition in two anatomically distinct regions of the gut, the small intestine and colon, were performed using an experimental model of MASLD. The study involved male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats and the Wistar-Kyoto control rat strain, which were fed either a standard chow diet or a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce MASLD (12 rats per group). High-throughput 16S sequencing was used for microbiome analysis.
Results
There were significant differences in the overall microbiome composition of male and female rats with MASLD, including variations in topographical gut regions. The beta diversity of the jejunal and colon microbiomes was higher in female rats than in male rats (PERMANOVA p-value=0.001). Sex-specific analysis and discriminant features using LEfSe showed considerable variation in bacterial abundance, along with distinct functional properties, in the jejunum and colon of animals with MASLD. Significantly elevated levels of lipopolysaccharide and protein expression of Toll-like receptor 4 were observed in the livers of male rats with MASLD compared with their female counterparts.
Conclusions
This study uncovered sexual dimorphism in the gut microbiome of MASLD and identified microbial heterogeneity within intestinal compartments. Insights into sex-specific variations in gut microbiome composition could facilitate customised treatment strategies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • MASLD: Prevalence, Mechanisms, and Sex-Based Therapies in Postmenopausal Women
    Ilaria Milani, Marianna Chinucci, Frida Leonetti, Danila Capoccia
    Biomedicines.2025; 13(4): 855.     CrossRef
  • Characteristics of serum bile acid profiles among individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
    Sheng Lyu, Jiani Yang, Xin Xin, Qinmei Sun, Beiyu Cai, Xin Wang, Ziming An, Jian Sun, Yiyang Hu, Lei Shi, Qin Feng, Xiaojun Gou
    BMC Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Gut-Liver Axis: The Role of Intestinal Microbiota and Their Metabolites in the Progression of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
    Chao Cui, Shuai Gao, Jingfei Shi, Kai Wang
    Gut and Liver.2025; 19(4): 479.     CrossRef
  • Triglyceride-glucose-waist circumference index: A powerful tool for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
    Bryan Adrian Priego-Parra, Berenice M Román-Calleja, Rocio Gallego-Duran, Jordi Gracia-Sancho, Jose Antonio Velarde Ruiz-Velasco, Jose Maria Remes-Troche
    World Journal of Hepatology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Sex and gender differences in metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease
    Rishitha Penmetsa, Sasha Kapil, Lisa B. VanWagner
    Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Animal models of lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): bridging pathogenesis and novel drug discovery
    Stavros P. Papadakos, Chara Georgiadou, Eva Kassi, Rallia-Iliana Velliou, Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
    Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
  • 4,703 View
  • 189 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Editorial

Steatotic liver disease

The gene expression signature of metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver disease from a multiomics perspective
Carlos Jose Pirola, Silvia Sookoian
Clin Mol Hepatol 2024;30(2):174-176.
Published online February 5, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0082

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Early portal hypertension in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a concise review
    Iván López-Méndez, Eva Juárez-Hernández, Juan Pablo Soriano-Márquez, Misael Uribe, Graciela Castro-Narro
    Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2025; 19(7): 755.     CrossRef
  • Correspondence on Editorial regarding “Identification of signature gene set as highly accurate determination of MASLD progression”
    Sungju Jung, Sumin Yoon, Jong Hoon Park, Yeon-Su Lee, Kyung Hyun Yoo
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(2): 287.     CrossRef
  • 5,179 View
  • 91 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Review

Steatotic liver disease

Genetics in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: The role of risk alleles through the lens of immune response
Silvia Sookoian, Carlos J. Pirola
Clin Mol Hepatol 2023;29(Suppl):S184-S195.
Published online December 5, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2022.0318
The knowledge on the genetic component of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has grown exponentially over the last 10 to 15 years. This review summarizes the current evidence and the latest developments in the genetics of NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from the immune system’s perspective. Activation of innate and or adaptive immune response is an essential driver of NAFLD disease severity and progression. Lipid and immune pathways are crucial in the pathophysiology of NAFLD and NASH. Here, we highlight novel applications of genomic techniques, including single-cell sequencing and the genetics of gene expression, to elucidate the potential involvement of NAFLD/NASH-risk alleles in modulating immune system cells. Together, our focus is to provide an overview of the potential involvement of the NAFLD/NASH-related risk variants in mediating the immune-driven liver disease severity and diverse systemic pleiotropic effects.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Liver Cancer Risk Across Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and/or Alcohol: A Nationwide Study
    Byungyoon Yun, Heejoo Park, Sang Hoon Ahn, Juyeon Oh, Beom Kyung Kim, Jin-Ha Yoon
    American Journal of Gastroenterology.2025; 120(2): 410.     CrossRef
  • Unraveling Mechanisms of Genetic Risks in Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Diseases: A Pathway to Precision Medicine
    Xiang Zhang, Kyong-Mi Chang, Jun Yu, Rohit Loomba
    Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease .2025; 20(1): 375.     CrossRef
  • Examination of the causal role of immune cells in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
    Yu Li, Xiaodan Lv, Jianing Lin, Shiquan Li, Guangfu Lin, Zhixi Huang, Deyi Chen, Lichun Han, Lingling Zhan, Xiaoping Lv
    Open Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The correlation between the polymorphism of lysolecithin acyltransferase (MBOAT7) rs641738 and liver fibrosis
    Yuxia Yang, Xiang Chen, Huiqin Zhang, Gang Yang, Xiaoyun Zhu, Xiujing Si, Feilong Chen, Yan Zhao, Feng Jin, Juanjuan Lu
    Personalized Medicine.2025; 22(2): 113.     CrossRef
  • Role of genetic variants and DNA methylation of lipid metabolism-related genes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
    Jun-Jie Wang, Xiao-Yuan Chen, Yi-Rong Zhang, Yan Shen, Meng-Lin Zhu, Jun Zhang, Jun-Jie Zhang
    Frontiers in Physiology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease, Recent Revision of Terminology and Its Implications
    Hyo Young Lee, Eileen L. Yoon
    The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2025; 85(2): 126.     CrossRef
  • Unlocking the gut-liver axis: microbial contributions to the pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease
    Mykhailo Buchynskyi, Iryna Kamyshna, Iryna Halabitska, Pavlo Petakh, Oksana Kunduzova, Valentyn Oksenych, Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
    Frontiers in Microbiology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Innate immune memory in macrophage differentiation and cardiovascular diseases
    Yukiteru Nakayama, Katsuhito Fujiu
    Inflammation and Regeneration.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The PNPLA3 I148M variant is associated with immune cell infiltration and advanced fibrosis in MASLD: a prospective genotype–phenotype study
    Jaejun Lee, Jung Hoon Cha, Hee Sun Cho, Keungmo Yang, Hyun Yang, Heechul Nam, Mi Young Byun, Seok Keun Cho, Jinsung Park, Hyuk Wan Ko, Seong Wook Yang, Pil Soo Sung, Si Hyun Bae
    Journal of Gastroenterology.2025; 60(10): 1284.     CrossRef
  • Delineating unique MASH-endothelial cells in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease using single-cell lensing
    Lianyong Liu, Hong Du, Fengying Wu, Chenxi Li, Jiajun Chen, Xiaoying Zhang, Qingyun Zhu, Xiangqi Li
    Digestive and Liver Disease.2025; 57(10): 1974.     CrossRef
  • Genetic Variation in Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Is Linked to Lipid Levels and Hepatic Steatosis in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease, but Not to Cirrhosis or Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Hans Dieter Nischalke, Franziska Schmalz, Janett Fischer, Christine Möller, Madlen Matz-Soja, Benjamin Krämer, Bettina Langhans, Jacob Nattermann, Thomas Berg, Christian P. Strassburg, Philipp Lutz
    Gastroenterology Insights.2024; 15(1): 19.     CrossRef
  • Insulin resistance is an integral feature of MASLD even in the presence of PNPLA3 variants
    Fernando Bril, Srilaxmi Kalavalapalli, Romina Lomonaco, Reginald Frye, Eddison Godinez Leiva, Kenneth Cusi
    JHEP Reports.2024; 6(7): 101092.     CrossRef
  • The gene expression signature of metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver disease from a multiomics perspective
    Carlos Jose Pirola, Silvia Sookoian
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(2): 174.     CrossRef
  • Genome-wide association study of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in a Korean population
    Young Lee, Eun Ju Cho, Eun Kyung Choe, Min-Sun Kwak, Jong In Yang, Seung-Won Oh, Jeong Yoon Yim, Goh Eun Chung
    Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Genetic predisposition to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease
    O.E. Abaturov, A.O. Nikulina
    CHILD`S HEALTH.2024; 19(3): 162.     CrossRef
  • Advances in our understanding of the molecular heterogeneity of fatty liver disease: toward informed treatment decision making
    Carlos J Pirola, Silvia Sookoian
    Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2023; 17(4): 317.     CrossRef
  • The effects of moderate alcohol consumption on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Hyunwoo Oh, Won Sohn, Yong Kyun Cho
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(Suppl): S261.     CrossRef
  • Changing the nomenclature from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is more than a change in terminology
    Eileen Laurel Yoon, Dae Won Jun
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(2): 371.     CrossRef
  • Innovative Therapeutic Approaches in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: When Knowing Your Patient Is Key
    Marta Alonso-Peña, Maria Del Barrio, Ana Peleteiro-Vigil, Carolina Jimenez-Gonzalez, Alvaro Santos-Laso, Maria Teresa Arias-Loste, Paula Iruzubieta, Javier Crespo
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(13): 10718.     CrossRef
  • New Insights into the Pathogenesis of Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): Gut–Liver–Heart Crosstalk
    Keungmo Yang, Myeongjun Song
    Nutrients.2023; 15(18): 3970.     CrossRef
  • Waiting for the changes after the adoption of steatotic liver disease
    Eileen L. Yoon, Dae Won Jun
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(4): 844.     CrossRef
  • Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2B6 is a risk of metabolic associated fatty liver disease in Chinese population
    Jingwei Zhang, Shijie Ma, Wei Zhou, Jing Feng, Yuwei Kang, Wei Yang, Heping Zhang, Fei Deng
    Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.2023; 481: 116770.     CrossRef
  • 8,668 View
  • 208 Download
  • 23 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Editorial

  • 5,145 View
  • 76 Download

Snapshot

Personalized medicine in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Carlos J. Pirola, Silvia Sookoian
Clin Mol Hepatol 2022;28(4):935-938.
Published online June 24, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2022.0175

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Hidden in the Fat: Unpacking the Metabolic Tango Between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome
    Mariana Boulos, Rabia S. Mousa, Nizar Jeries, Elias Simaan, Klode Alam, Bulus Bulus, Nimer Assy
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2025; 26(7): 3448.     CrossRef
  • Correspondence to editorial on “Adverse impact of metabolic dysfunction on fibrosis regression following direct-acting antiviral therapy: A multicenter study for chronic hepatitis C”
    Tom Ryu, Young Chang, Seung Up Kim, Jae Young Jang
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025; 31(2): e203.     CrossRef
  • Single-cell eQTL analysis identifies genetic variation underlying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
    Sung Eun Hong, Seon Ju Mun, Young Joo Lee, Taekyeong Yoo, Kyung-Suk Suh, Keon Wook Kang, Myung Jin Son, Won Kim, Murim Choi
    Nature Genetics.2025; 57(7): 1638.     CrossRef
  • Biomarker-Driven Optimization of Saponin Therapy in MASLD: From Mouse Models to Human Liver Organoids
    Hye Young Kim, Ju Hee Oh, Hyun Sung Kim, Dae Won Jun
    Antioxidants.2025; 14(8): 943.     CrossRef
  • Non-invasive tests of fibrosis in the management of MASLD: revolutionising diagnosis, progression and regression monitoring
    Gong Feng, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Giovanni Targher, Christopher D Byrne, Ming-Hua Zheng
    Gut.2025; 74(10): 1741.     CrossRef
  • Breaking the barriers: the role of gut homeostasis in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
    Raquel Benedé-Ubieto, Francisco Javier Cubero, Yulia A. Nevzorova
    Gut Microbes.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Editorial: Redefining liver health—Personalised approach to assessment of serum ALT in clinical practice. Authors' reply
    Eunice X. X. Tan, Daniel Q. Huang, Mindie H. Nguyen
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2024; 60(3): 411.     CrossRef
  • Genetics of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease: The State of the Art Update
    Silvia Sookoian, Yaron Rotman, Luca Valenti
    Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2024; 22(11): 2177.     CrossRef
  • Ex Vivo Tools and Models in MASLD Research
    Rallia-Iliana Velliou, Eirini Giannousi, Christiana Ralliou, Eva Kassi, Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
    Cells.2024; 13(22): 1827.     CrossRef
  • Advances in our understanding of the molecular heterogeneity of fatty liver disease: toward informed treatment decision making
    Carlos J Pirola, Silvia Sookoian
    Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2023; 17(4): 317.     CrossRef
  • Genetics in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: The role of risk alleles through the lens of immune response
    Silvia Sookoian, Carlos J. Pirola
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(Suppl): S184.     CrossRef
  • The effects of moderate alcohol consumption on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Hyunwoo Oh, Won Sohn, Yong Kyun Cho
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(Suppl): S261.     CrossRef
  • 10,530 View
  • 160 Download
  • 13 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Reviews

Steatotic liver disease

Precision medicine in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: New therapeutic insights from genetics and systems biology
Silvia Sookoian, Carlos J. Pirola
Clin Mol Hepatol 2020;26(4):461-475.
Published online September 10, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2020.0136
Despite more than two decades of extensive research focusing on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), no approved therapy for steatohepatitis—the severe histological form of the disease—presently exists. More importantly, new drugs and small molecules with diverse molecular targets on the pathways of hepatocyte injury, inflammation, and fibrosis cannot achieve the primary efficacy endpoints. Precision medicine can potentially overcome this issue, as it is founded on extensive knowledge of the druggable genome/proteome. Hence, this review summarizes significant trends and developments in precision medicine with a particular focus on new potential therapeutic discoveries modeled via systems biology approaches. In addition, we computed and simulated the potential utility of the NAFLD polygenic risk score, which could be conceptually very advantageous not only for early disease detection but also for implementing actionable measures. Incomplete knowledge of the druggable NAFLD genome severely impedes the drug discovery process and limits the likelihood of identifying robust and safe drug candidates. Thus, we close this article with some insights into emerging disciplines, such as chemical genetics, that may accelerate accurate identification of the druggable NAFLD genome/proteome.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • NAFLD No More: A Review of Current Guidelines in the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
    Kerim B. Kaylan, Sonali Paul
    Current Diabetes Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Proteomics of MASLD Progression: Insights From Functional Analysis to Drive the Development of New Therapeutic Solutions
    Carlos José Pirola, Tomas Fernández Gianotti, Silvia Sookoian
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2025; 61(4): 614.     CrossRef
  • Statins as a Potential Treatment for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Target Deconvolution using Protein-protein Interaction Network Analysis
    Ali Mahmoudi, Alexandra E. Butler, Alexander N. Orekhov, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar
    Current Medicinal Chemistry.2025; 32(7): 1355.     CrossRef
  • Precision medicine and nucleotide-based therapeutics to treat steatotic liver disease
    Andrea Caddeo, Stefano Romeo
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025; 31(Suppl): S76.     CrossRef
  • An association study of SERPINA1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease In an Iranian population: A preliminary case-control study
    Samira Abdollahi, Abbas Sahebghadam Lotfi, Ramin Saravani, Hamed Taheri
    Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports.2025; 42: 101974.     CrossRef
  • Interplay of the pathophysiological mechanisms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes mellitus, and inflammation: A growing threat to public health
    Sharon Olabisoye Oladipupo, Emmanuel Henry Ezenabor, Adebola Busola Ojo, Akingbolabo Daniel Ogunlakin, Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
    Obesity Medicine.2025; 55: 100613.     CrossRef
  • Cell and gene therapeutic approaches in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Mohadeseh Poudineh, Fatemeh Mohammadyari, Negin Parsamanesh, Tananz Jamialahmadi, Prashant Kesharwani, Amirhossein Sahebkar
    Gene.2025; 956: 149466.     CrossRef
  • Repurposing daclatasvir for MASLD Therapy—A promising step forward with challenges ahead
    Carlos Jose Pirola
    Journal of Lipid Research.2025; 66(8): 100857.     CrossRef
  • Development of a diagnostic model for MASLD and identification of daidzein as the potential drug using bioinformatics analysis and experiments
    Tao Wang, Hao Zhang, Kaixia Wang, Chunxue Liu, Nan Kong, Luocheng Zhou, Lihong Qu
    Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The sulfur microbial diet and risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective gene–diet study from the UK Biobank
    Zhening Liu, Hangkai Huang, Jiaqi Ruan, Zejun Wang, Chengfu Xu
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2024; 119(2): 417.     CrossRef
  • Exploration of the Key Genes Involved in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Possible MicroRNA Therapeutic Targets
    Ali Mahmoudi, Amin Jalili, Alexandra E. Butler, Seyed H. Aghaee-Bakhtiari, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar
    Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology.2024; 14(4): 101365.     CrossRef
  • siRNA-mediated gene silencing for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A comprehensive review of molecular targets
    Ali Mahmoudi, Mehdi Rostami, Mohammad Mahdi Hajihasani, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Prashant Kesharwani, Amirhossein Sahebkar
    European Polymer Journal.2024; 208: 112866.     CrossRef
  • PARVB and HSD17B13 variants are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children
    Kyung Jae Lee, Jin Soo Moon, Jin Gyu Lim, Homin Huh, Jeong Eun Ahn, Lia Kim, Nan Young Kim, Jae Sung Ko
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2024; 39(6): 1172.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of the therapeutic potential of miR-124 and miR-16 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Ali Mahmoudi, Amin Jalili, Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari, Reza Kazemi Oskuee, Alexandra E. Butler, Manfredi Rizzo, Amirhossein Sahebkar
    Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2024; 38(4): 108722.     CrossRef
  • Exploring the role of genetic variations in NAFLD: implications for disease pathogenesis and precision medicine approaches
    Seyedeh Kosar Mahmoudi, Shadi Tarzemani, Taha Aghajanzadeh, Mohammadreza Kasravi, Behzad Hatami, Mohammad Reza Zali, Kaveh Baghaei
    European Journal of Medical Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Shining a spotlight on sarcopenia and myosteatosis in liver disease and liver transplantation
    Sophie Reichelt, Uta Merle, Miriam Klauss, Christoph Kahlert, Georg Lurje, Arianeb Mehrabi, Zoltan Czigany
    Liver International.2024; 44(7): 1483.     CrossRef
  • A Precision Medicine Guided Approach to the Utilization of Biomarkers in MASLD
    Nimish Thakral, Hailemichael Desalegn, Luis Antonio Diaz, Daniel Cabrera, Rohit Loomba, Marco Arrese, Juan Pablo Arab
    Seminars in Liver Disease.2024; 44(03): 273.     CrossRef
  • Gut microbes, diet, and genetics as drivers of metabolic liver disease: a narrative review outlining implications for precision medicine
    Jake B. Hermanson, Samar A. Tolba, Evan A. Chrisler, Vanessa A. Leone
    The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2024; 133: 109704.     CrossRef
  • Genetics of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease: The State of the Art Update
    Silvia Sookoian, Yaron Rotman, Luca Valenti
    Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2024; 22(11): 2177.     CrossRef
  • Multiple Machine Learning Identifies Key Gene PHLDA1 Suppressing NAFLD Progression
    Zhenwei Yang, Zhiqin Chen, Jingchao Wang, Yizhang Li, Hailin Zhang, Yu Xiang, Yuwei Zhang, Zhaozhao Shao, Pei Wu, Ding Lu, Huajiang Lin, Zhaowei Tong, Jiang Liu, Quan Dong
    Inflammation.2024; 48(4): 1912.     CrossRef
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the pathologist’s perspective
    Wei-Qiang Leow, Anthony Wing-Hung Chan, Paulo Giovanni L. Mendoza, Regina Lo, Kihan Yap, Haeryoung Kim
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(Suppl): S302.     CrossRef
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Definition and subtypes
    Seul Ki Han, Soon Koo Baik, Moon Young Kim
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(Suppl): S5.     CrossRef
  • Genetics in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: The role of risk alleles through the lens of immune response
    Silvia Sookoian, Carlos J. Pirola
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(Suppl): S184.     CrossRef
  • Eating, diet, and nutrition for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Georg Semmler, Christian Datz, Michael Trauner
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(Suppl): S244.     CrossRef
  • Advances in our understanding of the molecular heterogeneity of fatty liver disease: toward informed treatment decision making
    Carlos J Pirola, Silvia Sookoian
    Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2023; 17(4): 317.     CrossRef
  • Identification of disease-related genes and construction of a gene co-expression database in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Hua Ye, Mengxia Sun, Mingli Su, Dahua Chen, Huiwei Liu, Yanyan Ma, Wenjing Luo, Hong Li, Feng Xu
    Frontiers in Genetics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Examining genetic associations with hepatic steatosis in Mexican-origin adults
    Mario Jesus Trejo, Kristin E. Morrill, Yann C. Klimentidis, David O. Garcia
    Annals of Hepatology.2023; 28(5): 101120.     CrossRef
  • Exploring the Role of Enhancer-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation in Precision Biology
    Xueyan Wang, Danli Liu, Jing Luo, Dashuai Kong, Yubo Zhang
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(13): 10843.     CrossRef
  • Associations of MAFLD and MAFLD subtypes with the risk of the incident myocardial infarction and stroke
    Shen Chen, Hongliang Xue, Rong Huang, Ke Chen, Haoyang Zhang, Xu Chen
    Diabetes & Metabolism.2023; 49(5): 101468.     CrossRef
  • Serum metabolomic profiling unveils distinct sex-related metabolic patterns in NAFLD
    Charalambos Fotakis, Ioanna-Panagiota Kalafati, Athina I. Amanatidou, Vasiliki Andreou, Manolis Matzapetakis, Maria Kafyra, Iraklis Varlamis, Maria Zervou, George V. Dedoussis
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Insights into the molecular targets and emerging pharmacotherapeutic interventions for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    Chander K. Negi, Pavel Babica, Lola Bajard, Julie Bienertova-Vasku, Giovanni Tarantino
    Metabolism.2022; 126: 154925.     CrossRef
  • Effects of PNPLA3, TM6SF2 and SAMM50 on the development and severity of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in children
    Kyung Jae Lee, Jin Soo Moon, Nan Young Kim, Jae Sung Ko
    Pediatric Obesity.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: advances in genetic and epigenetic implications
    Carlos J. Pirola, Silvia Sookoian
    Current Opinion in Lipidology.2022; 33(2): 95.     CrossRef
  • Investigation of the Effect of Curcumin on Protein Targets in NAFLD Using Bioinformatic Analysis
    Ali Mahmoudi, Alexandra E. Butler, Muhammed Majeed, Maciej Banach, Amirhossein Sahebkar
    Nutrients.2022; 14(7): 1331.     CrossRef
  • TissueSpace: a web tool for rank-based transcriptome representation and its applications in molecular medicine
    Yiruo He, Wei Liu
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Steatotic liver disease

Genetic predisposition in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Silvia Sookoian, Carlos J. Pirola
Clin Mol Hepatol 2017;23(1):1-12.
Published online March 9, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2016.0109
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease whose prevalence has reached global epidemic proportions. Although the disease is relatively benign in the early stages, when severe clinical forms, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma, occur, they result in worsening the long-term prognosis. A growing body of evidence indicates that NAFLD develops from a complex process in which many factors, including genetic susceptibility and environmental insults, are involved. In this review, we focused on the genetic component of NAFLD, with special emphasis on the role of genetics in the disease pathogenesis and natural history. Insights into the topic of the genetic susceptibility in lean individuals with NAFLD and the potential use of genetic tests in identifying individuals at risk are also discussed.

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