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"HCC"

Reply to Correspondence

Reply to correspondence on “Aspirin and HCC risk in MASLD: Nationwide cohort study with genetic risk analysis”
Yang-Hyun Baek
Received January 15, 2026  Accepted January 17, 2026  Published online January 27, 2026  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2026.0068    [Accepted]
  • 185 View
  • 12 Download

Original Article

FOXM1 influences DNA methylation to augment TACC3 alternative splicing directed by KAT2A in hepatocellular carcinoma
Li Na Zhao, Jesper B. Andersen
Received December 10, 2025  Accepted January 23, 2026  Published online January 27, 2026  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2025.1370    [Accepted]
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by profound transcriptomic dysregulation, yet the mechanism(s) by which DNA methylation is coordinated with chromatin modifications to regulate alternative splicing during tumorigenesis remains poorly understood.
Methods
Using prospectively paired multi-omics data obtained from MASLD-HCC patients and coupled with a premalignant MASLD cohort we have uncovered a previously unrecognized gene-regulatory axis centered on TACC3 isoform switching.
Result
s: In the non-tumoral context, the TACC3-201 isoform directly engages the histone acetyltransferase KAT2A to coordinate the regulation of NOTCH4 signaling. In HCC, this regulatory axis is disrupted whereby FOXM1 overrides DNMT1-mediated methylation, upregulating TACC3, and decoupling TACC3 from the KAT2A-associated NOTCH4 co-expression module. This rewiring is licensing tumor-specific cell-cycle progression and epigenetic plasticity. Thus, FOXM1 reshapes the TACC3-KAT2A interaction, while DNMT1 drives context-dependent DNA methylation, activating the CDK1-inhibitory kinase PKMYT1.
Conclusion
We uncovered TACC3-KAT2A as an emerging regulatory axis caused by alternative splicing in HCC and propose FOXM1-driven TACC3 inhibition to synergistically disrupt mitotic fidelity and transcriptional regulation, potentially offering new therapeutic avenues for HCC with reduced toxicity to the normal liver.
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Editorials

  • 413 View
  • 35 Download

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Correspondence to editorial on “CD36 Promotes iron accumulation and dysfunction in CD8+ T cells via the p38-CEBPB-TfR1 axis in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma”
    Yifei Qin, Peng Lin, Huijie Bian, Zhi-Nan Chen, Jiao Wu
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2026; 32(1): e75.     CrossRef
  • Reprogrammed Lipid Metabolism as a Gatekeeper of Hepatocarcinogenesis: from Enzyme Regulation to Precision Therapy
    Luxi Yang, Jing Yang, Zhonghong Xiong, Jinsen Wei, Xiaojuan Jiang, Huili Ye, Yumin Li
    Current Oncology Reports.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 3,696 View
  • 81 Download
  • Crossref

Hepatic neoplasm

  • 6,188 View
  • 91 Download

Hepatic neoplasm

Citations

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  • Correspondence to editorial on “Targeting TM4SF1 promotes tumor senescence enhancing CD8+ T cell cytotoxic function in hepatocellular carcinoma”
    Weifeng Zeng, Furong Liu, Yachong Liu, Zhanguo Zhang
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025; 31(2): e197.     CrossRef
  • 6,134 View
  • 55 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Correspondences

Hepatic neoplasm

  • 4,414 View
  • 19 Download

Hepatic neoplasm

Correspondence to editorial on “KCTD17-mediated Ras stabilization promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression”
Sang Bae Lee, KyeongJin Kim
Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31(1):e78-e80.
Published online September 10, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0750
  • 4,588 View
  • 85 Download

Reply to Correspondence

Hepatic neoplasm

Reply to correspondence on “Severity of microvascular invasion does matter in hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis”
Abdelrahman M Attia, Hasmik Adetyan, Ju Dong Yang
Clin Mol Hepatol 2024;30(4):1042-1043.
Published online August 27, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0685

Citations

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  • A clinical study exploring the prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma through the use of combined enhanced CT and MRI radiomics
    Jiangfa Li, Wenxiang Song, Jixue Li, Lv Cai, Zhao Jiang, Mengxiao Wei, Boming Nong, Meiyu Lai, Yiyi Jiang, Erbo Zhao, Liping Lei, Po-Yao Hsu
    PLOS ONE.2025; 20(1): e0318232.     CrossRef
  • Transformer model based on Sonazoid contrast‐enhanced ultrasound for microvascular invasion prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Qiong Qin, Jinshu Pang, Jingdan Li, Ruizhi Gao, Rong Wen, Yuquan Wu, Li Liang, Qiao Que, Changwen Liu, Jinbo Peng, Yun Lv, Yun He, Peng Lin, Hong Yang
    Medical Physics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correspondence to editorial on “Classification of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation with prognosis and magnetic resonance imaging”
    Haeryoung Kim, Dong Ho Lee, Yoon Jung Hwang
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(4): 992.     CrossRef
  • 5,104 View
  • 33 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Article

Hepatic neoplasm

KCTD17-mediated Ras stabilization promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression
Young Hoon Jung, Yun Ji Lee, Tam Dao, Kyung Hee Jung, Junjie Yu, Ah-Reum Oh, Yelin Jeong, HyunJoon Gi, Young Un Kim, Dongryeol Ryu, Michele Carrer, Utpal B. Pajvani, Sang Bae Lee, Soon-Sun Hong, KyeongJin Kim
Clin Mol Hepatol 2024;30(4):895-913.
Published online August 5, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0364
Background/Aims
Potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 17 (KCTD17) protein, an adaptor for the cullin3 (Cul3) ubiquitin ligase complex, has been implicated in various human diseases; however, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. Here, we aimed to elucidate the clinical features of KCTD17, and investigate the mechanisms by which KCTD17 affects HCC progression.
Methods
We analyzed transcriptomic data from patients with HCC. Hepatocyte-specific KCTD17 deficient mice were treated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) to assess its effect on HCC progression. Additionally, we tested KCTD17-directed antisense oligonucleotides for their therapeutic potential in vivo.
Result
s: Our investigation revealed the upregulation of KCTD17 expression in both tumors from patients with HCC and mouse models of HCC, in comparison to non-tumor controls. We identified the leucine zipper-like transcriptional regulator 1 (Lztr1) protein, a previously identified Ras destabilizer, as a substrate for KCTD17-Cul3 complex. KCTD17-mediated Lztr1 degradation led to Ras stabilization, resulting in increased proliferation, migration, and wound healing in liver cancer cells. Hepatocyte-specific KCTD17 deficient mice or liver cancer xenograft models were less susceptible to carcinogenesis or tumor growth. Similarly, treatment with KCTD17-directed antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) in a mouse model of HCC markedly lowered tumor volume as well as Ras protein levels, compared to those in control ASO-treated mice.
Conclusions
KCTD17 induces the stabilization of Ras and downstream signaling pathways and HCC progression and may represent a novel therapeutic target for HCC.

Citations

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  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatohepatitis-associated hepatocarcinoma preclinical models
    Jack Leslie, Kishore A. Krishnamurthy, Indresh K. Gopalsamy, Patricia Inacio, Meritxell Huch, Suchira Gallage, Fiona Oakley, Michele Vacca
    Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correspondence to editorial on “KCTD17-mediated Ras stabilization promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression”
    Sang Bae Lee, KyeongJin Kim
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025; 31(1): e78.     CrossRef
  • Identification of KCTD17 as a Ras stabilizer in hepatocellular carcinoma: Editorial on “KCTD17-mediated Ras stabilization promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression”
    Rainbow Wing Hei Leung, Terence Kin Wah Lee
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025; 31(1): 304.     CrossRef
  • The ubiquitin code of RAS proteins: Decoding its role in cancer progression
    Yedan Shi, Yong Shen, Xiuyuan Zhang, Ning Zhu, Yuwei Ding, Ying Yuan, Juan Wang
    iScience.2025; 28(8): 113029.     CrossRef
  • Structure, Function, and Role of KCTD9 in Human Diseases
    宗军 刘
    Journal of Clinical Personalized Medicine.2025; 04(04): 33.     CrossRef
  • Hepatocyte KCTD17-mediated SERPINA3 inhibition determines liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
    Yelin Jeong, Ah-Reum Oh, Young Hoon Jung, Kyung Hee Jung, Seongju Lee, Michele Carrer, Sang Bae Lee, Luca Valenti, Utpal B. Pajvani, KyeongJin Kim
    Experimental & Molecular Medicine.2025; 57(8): 1673.     CrossRef
  • Value of CD8+ T cell-related genes and IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway in the prognosis of HCC and experimental investigation
    Yuan Wu, Xiaoli Liu, Lihua Yu, Huiwen Yan, Yuqing Xie, Qing Pu, Yuling Liang, Yaxian Kong, Zhiyun Yang
    International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.2025; 332: 148526.     CrossRef
  • Wild-type KRAS activation drives evasion of interferon-mediated immunity and resistance to immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Martina Mang Leng Lei, Carmen Oi Ning Leung, Rainbow Wing Hei Leung, Xue Qian Wu, Katherine Po Sin Chung, Catherine Yu Jia Gu, Mandy Sze Man Chan, Wing Ki Chau, Quan Hua Mu, Kai Yu Ng, Man Tong, Jing Ping Yun, Jia Ming Nickolas Teo, Guang Sheng Ling, Patr
    Nature Communications.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 7,602 View
  • 358 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Correspondence

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Prediction Model for Familial Aggregated HBV‐Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Serum Biomarkers
    Linmei Zhong, Guole Nie, Qiaoping Wu, Honglong Zhang, Haiping Wang, Jun Yan
    Cancer Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Reply to correspondence on “Hepatocellular carcinoma prediction model performance decreases with long-term antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients”
    Beom Kyung Kim
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(4): 1044.     CrossRef
  • 4,817 View
  • 38 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Editorials

Viral hepatitis

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Prediction Model for Familial Aggregated HBV‐Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Serum Biomarkers
    Linmei Zhong, Guole Nie, Qiaoping Wu, Honglong Zhang, Haiping Wang, Jun Yan
    Cancer Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Reply to correspondence on “Hepatocellular carcinoma prediction model performance decreases with long-term antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients”
    Beom Kyung Kim
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(4): 1044.     CrossRef
  • Correspondence to editorial on “Hepatocellular carcinoma prediction model performance decreases with long-term antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients”
    Xiaoqian Xu, Hong You, Jidong Jia, Yuanyuan Kong
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(4): 994.     CrossRef
  • 4,493 View
  • 48 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Hepatic neoplasm

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Transformer model based on Sonazoid contrast‐enhanced ultrasound for microvascular invasion prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Qiong Qin, Jinshu Pang, Jingdan Li, Ruizhi Gao, Rong Wen, Yuquan Wu, Li Liang, Qiao Que, Changwen Liu, Jinbo Peng, Yun Lv, Yun He, Peng Lin, Hong Yang
    Medical Physics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,997 View
  • 78 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Review

Viral hepatitis

Unmet needs in the post-direct-acting antivirals era: The risk and molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis C virus eradication
Chung-Feng Huang, Manar Hijaze Awad, Meital Gal-Tanamy, Ming-Lung Yu
Clin Mol Hepatol 2024;30(3):326-344.
Published online April 26, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0155
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the major etiologies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with approximately 30% of HCC being due to HCV infection worldwide. HCV eradication by antivirals greatly reduces the risk of HCC; nevertheless, HCC remains to occur in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients who have achieved a sustained virological response (SVR). The proportion of post-SVR HCC among newly diagnosed HCC patients is increasing in the direct-acting antiviral (DAA) era and might be due to preexisting inflammatory and fibrotic liver backgrounds, immune dysregulation between host and virus interactions, as well as host epigenetic scars, genetic predispositions and alternations. By means of applying surrogate markers and adopting risk stratification, HCC surveillance should be consistently performed in high-risk populations. In this review, we discuss the possible molecular mechanism, risk factors, and HCC surveillance strategy for HCC development after HCV eradication in CHC patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Revisiting unmet needs in clinical research on direct-acting antiviral therapy for HCC patients: Correspondence to letter to the editor on “Direct-acting antiviral therapy for patients with HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A nationwide cohort study”
    Teng-Yu Lee, Pei-Chien Tsai, Shou-Wu Lee, Ming- Lung Yu
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2026; 32(1): e99.     CrossRef
  • Hepatitis A to E in People with HIV: A Virus-Specific Review of Prevention and Treatment
    Kuan-Yin Lin, Yi-Chia Huang, Miao-Hui Huang, Tsung-Yu Tsai, Guan-Jhou Chen, Yu-Shan Huang, Sung-Hsi Huang, Hsin-Yun Sun, Chien-Ching Hung
    Infectious Diseases and Therapy.2026; 15(2): 391.     CrossRef
  • Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Ming-Ying Lu, Jacky Chung-Hao Wu, Henry Horng-Shing Lu, Mohammed Eslam, Ming-Lung Yu
    Gut and Liver.2026; 20(1): 5.     CrossRef
  • Editorial: Beyond Viral Eradication—Cardiometabolic Risk and Cardiovascular Outcomes After SVR in Chronic Hepatitis C. Authors' Reply
    Pei‐Chien Tsai, Jee‐Fu Huang, Ming‐Lung Yu
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance after sustained virological response in chronic hepatitis C: Editorial on “Non-invasive prediction of post-sustained virological response hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C virus: A systematic review and meta-ana
    Ho Soo Chun, Minjong Lee
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025; 31(1): 261.     CrossRef
  • Integrative analysis of serum proteomics and transcriptomics in hepatitis C
    Jianqiong Wang, Andong Xia, Min Tang, Shengjun Yang, Yandi Shen, Jinhua Dao, Rui Tao, Wei Yue
    Virology Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • High prevalence of antinuclear antibodies in hepatitis C related hepatocellular carcinoma
    Mohamed El-Far, Ahmed S. Mustafa, AbdelfattahM. Attallah, Mohamed A. Abdelrazek
    Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry.2025; 46(3): 218.     CrossRef
  • LI-RADS for Diagnosing Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Noncirrhotic Chronic Hepatitis C
    Jihyun An, Rohee Park, Euichang Kim, Seong Kyun Na, Ha Il Kim, In-Hye Song, Young Seo Cho, Ji Hun Kang, Han Chu Lee, Seungbong Han, Jean-Charles Nault, Sang Hyun Choi, Ju Hyun Shim
    Radiology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Long-Term Hepatic and Extrahepatic Outcomes of Chronic Hepatitis C Patients After Sofosbuvir-Based Treatment (LONGHEAD Study)
    Chung-Feng Huang, Jeong Heo, Rong-Nan Chien, Yang-Hyun Baek, Jia-Horng Kao, Ju-Hyun Kim, Ting-Tsung Chang, Kwan-Soo Byun, Jyh-Jou Chen, Sook-Hyang Jeong, Tsung-Hui Hu, Young-Seok Kim, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Won-Young Tak, Horng-Yuan Wang, Seung-Kew Yoon, I.-Shy
    Infectious Diseases and Therapy.2025; 14(5): 1089.     CrossRef
  • Future Perspectives of Liver Research in the Asia‐Pacific Region: Focus on Hepatitis B and C
    Beom Kyung Kim
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2025; 40(8): 1855.     CrossRef
  • Racial Diversity in the Decline in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Increasing Age at Diagnosis in a Primarily African American Medical Center Population
    Gabriel Boudagh, Ahmad Alnasart, Kenan Abou Chaer, Paul Naylor, Milton Mutchnick
    Onco.2025; 5(3): 30.     CrossRef
  • Direct-acting Antivirals Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Patients
    Seul Ki Han, Soon Koo Baik, Moon Young Kim
    Journal of Digestive Cancer Research.2025; 13(2): 150.     CrossRef
  • Meeting the challenges of hepatocellular carcinoma post sustained virologic response in the post-direct- acting antiviral era: A path forward: Editorial on “Unmet needs in the post-direct-acting antivirals era: The risk and molecular mechanisms of hepatoc
    Seren M. Gedallovich, Paul Y. Kwo
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(4): 677.     CrossRef
  • The role of artificial intelligence in the management of liver diseases
    Ming‐Ying Lu, Wan‐Long Chuang, Ming‐Lung Yu
    The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences.2024; 40(11): 962.     CrossRef
  • 8,478 View
  • 189 Download
  • 12 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Editorials

Steatotic liver disease

The gene expression signature of metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver disease from a multiomics perspective
Carlos Jose Pirola, Silvia Sookoian
Clin Mol Hepatol 2024;30(2):174-176.
Published online February 5, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0082

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Early portal hypertension in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a concise review
    Iván López-Méndez, Eva Juárez-Hernández, Juan Pablo Soriano-Márquez, Misael Uribe, Graciela Castro-Narro
    Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2025; 19(7): 755.     CrossRef
  • The effects of next generation probiotics on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a parallel, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
    Sung-Min Won, Hyunchae Joung, In Gyu Park, Sang Hak Han, Young Lim Ham, Ji Sook Han, Yoojin Kwon, Dong Joon Kim, Ki Tae Suk
    Journal of Translational Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correspondence on Editorial regarding “Identification of signature gene set as highly accurate determination of MASLD progression”
    Sungju Jung, Sumin Yoon, Jong Hoon Park, Yeon-Su Lee, Kyung Hyun Yoo
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2024; 30(2): 287.     CrossRef
  • 5,997 View
  • 92 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Viral hepatitis

The latest evidence on the impact of fatty liver on liver-related outcomes and mortality in chronic hepatitis B
Xianhua Mao, Lung Yi Mak, Wai-Kay Seto
Clin Mol Hepatol 2023;29(3):690-692.
Published online May 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2023.0173

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Cohort Profile: Taizhou Study of Liver Diseases (T-SOLID)
    Zhenqiu Liu, Yanfeng Jiang, Chen Suo, Huangbo Yuan, Ziyu Yuan, Tiejun Zhang, Li Jin, Xingdong Chen
    International Journal of Epidemiology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Development of a simple metabolic score to predict liver fibrosis risk in chronic hepatitis B patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study
    Li Liu, Peng Ye, Qiuping Gu, Ling Zeng, Lijuan Liang, Yingfeng Wei
    Journal of International Medical Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Hepatitis B Virus and microRNAs: A Bioinformatics Approach
    Verdiana Zulian, Giulia Fiscon, Paola Paci, Anna Rosa Garbuglia
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(24): 17224.     CrossRef
  • 6,400 View
  • 122 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Hepatic neoplasm

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Factors Influencing Overall Survival Period of Stage IV Cancer Patients
    Wen Pei Chang, Yen Kuang Lin, Shashank Kaushik
    European Journal of Cancer Care.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 7,664 View
  • 75 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Steatotic liver disease

Screening strategies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a holistic approach is needed
Philipp Kasper, Münevver Demir, Hans-Michael Steffen
Clin Mol Hepatol 2023;29(2):390-393.
Published online March 20, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2023.0059

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • GH Replacement Therapy Is Associated with Ameliorations in Body Composition and Fatty Liver Index in Patients with Adult-Onset Isolated GH Deficiency
    Elena Gangitano, Rebecca Rossetti, Giusy Simeone, Mariaignazia Curreli, Orietta Gandini, Stefania Mariani, Carla Lubrano
    Livers.2025; 5(4): 56.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic value of coronary artery calcium score for the prediction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in participants with suspected nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis: Results from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis
    Keishi Ichikawa, Spencer Hansen, Venkat S. Manubolu, Leili Pourafkari, Hooman Fazlalizadeh, Jairo Aldana-Bitar, Lisa B. VanWagner, Srikanth Krishnan, Matthew J. Budoff
    American Heart Journal.2023; 265: 104.     CrossRef
  • The Role of the Fatty Liver Index (FLI) in the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review
    Teodora Biciusca, Sorina Ionelia Stan, Mara Amalia Balteanu, Ramona Cioboata, Alice Elena Ghenea, Suzana Danoiu, Ana-Maria Bumbea, Viorel Biciusca
    Diagnostics.2023; 13(21): 3316.     CrossRef
  • 8,193 View
  • 69 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Reviews

Hepatic neoplasm

Detect or not to detect very early stage hepatocellular carcinoma? The western perspective
Ju Dong Yang
Clin Mol Hepatol 2019;25(4):335-343.
Published online March 29, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2019.0010
Very early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is defined as a single tumor with the largest diameter of the lesion measuring 2 cm or less according to Barcelona Liver Cancer staging system. Detection of very early stage HCC is clinically important as it confers an excellent prognosis with the 5-year survival rates over 60 to 80% after patients receive curative treatments. While diagnosing HCC at a very early stage is crucial, it is technically challenging and may come with the physical or psychosocial harms related to diagnostic tests. It is further complicated by the fact that patients with very early stage HCC are not prioritized for liver transplant (LT) in the United States organ allocation system. When LT-eligible patients present with an indeterminate lesion measuring between 1 and 2 cm on the multiphasic computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, clinicians often observe patients carefully until the lesion grows up to 2 cm so that patients can be eligible to receive a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) exception score for HCC in the United States. The European guideline recommends a routine biopsy of such lesion. In conclusion, attempting to detect very early stage HCC is difficult to achieve and controversial. Clinicians should take into account of the risk and the benefit of diagnostic tests, LT candidacy of patients and the local organ allocation system.

Citations

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  • To Biopsy or Not to Biopsy? Re-examining the Role of Tissue Diagnosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Kaushal Madan, Ashish Kumar
    Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology.2026; 16(1): 103209.     CrossRef
  • Phosphopeptidome Profiling of Human Plasma for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Biomarker Discovery
    Shafaq Saleem, Muhammad Salman Sajid, Rency S. Varghese, Zaki A. Sherif, Alexander Kroemer, Habtom W. Ressom
    Journal of Proteome Research.2026; 25(2): 1115.     CrossRef
  • Circulating Tumor Cells as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Advancing Precision Oncology Through Liquid Biopsy
    Mutaz Jamal Al‐khreisat, Munthar Kadhim‐Abosaoda, Namim Abas Ibrahim, Ms Malathi.H, Priya Priyadarshini‐Nayak, V. Sathiya‐Priya, Gurjant Singh, Ashish Singh Chauhan
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2026; 41(2): 556.     CrossRef
  • Improved Detection of Small (<2 cm) Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Deep Learning-Based Synthetic CT Hepatic Arteriography: A Multi-Center External Validation Study
    Jung Won Kwak, Sung Bum Cho, Ki Choon Sim, Jeong Woo Kim, In Young Choi, Yongwon Cho
    Diagnostics.2026; 16(2): 343.     CrossRef
  • Correspondence to letter to the editor 2 on “Conventional and machine learning-based risk scores for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma”
    Chun-Ting Ho, Elise Chia-Hui Tan, Chien-Wei Su
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025; 31(1): e101.     CrossRef
  • Cost-effectiveness analysis of artificial intelligence (AI) in earlier detection of liver lesions in cirrhotic patients at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Italy
    L. Maas, C. Contreras-Meca, S. Ghezzo, F. Belmans, A. Corsi, J. Cant, W. Vos, M. Bobowicz, M. Rygusik, D. K. Laski, L. Annemans, M. Hiligsmann, Karim Lekadir, Kaisar Kushibar, Philippe Lambin, Henry Woodruff, Martijn Starmans, Josep Lluis Gelpi, Jordi Ram
    Journal of Medical Economics.2025; 28(1): 1023.     CrossRef
  • CD24 as a Novel Radiopharmaceutical Target for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Hima Makala, Julia Sheehan-Klenk, Woonghee Lee, Joon-Yong Chung, Kwamena E. Baidoo, Divya Nambiar, Peter L. Choyke, Freddy E. Escorcia
    Journal of Nuclear Medicine.2025; 66(9): 1400.     CrossRef
  • Enhanced diagnostic performance for subcentimeter hepatocellular carcinoma using a novel criterion integrating serum AFP levels and gadolinium-based contrast-enhanced MRI features
    Xuying Chen, Haoran Dai, Jing Liu, Siyuan Ji, Yuyao Xiao, Xinde Zheng, Kai Hou, Chun Yang
    BMC Medical Imaging.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Advances in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management of Liver Nodules: A Comprehensive Review
    Chang Gao, Dongyang Chen, Youpeng Chen
    Portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis.2025; 4(4): 232.     CrossRef
  • Diagnosis and Treatment Response Monitoring of Liver Cancer Using Glypican-3–Targeted Single-Domain Antibody PET
    Stanley Fayn, Woonghee Lee, Falguni Basuli, Jianfeng Shi, Hima Makala, Joon-Yong Chung, Dan Li, Divya Nambiar, Jesse Buffington, Robert Morhard, Colleen P. Olkowski, Orit Jacobson, Bradford J. Wood, Rolf E. Swenson, Ross W. Cheloha, Mitchell Ho, Peter L.
    Clinical Cancer Research.2025; 31(24): 5237.     CrossRef
  • Identification of Proteome-Based Immune Subtypes of Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Analysis of Potential Metabolic Drivers
    Lihong Diao, Mengqi He, Binsheng Xu, Lanhui Chen, Ze Wang, Yuting Yang, Simin Xia, Shengwei Hu, Shuzhen Guo, Dong Li
    Molecular & Cellular Proteomics.2024; 23(1): 100686.     CrossRef
  • Serum level of hepcidin in cirrhotic patients as a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma
    Khaled Mahmoud Mohiedeen, Mona Moustafa Tahoon, Christina Samir Sadek Hanna, Mohamed Adel Abdel Aziz
    Egyptian Liver Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Methylated circulating tumor DNA in hepatocellular carcinoma: A comprehensive analysis of biomarker potential and clinical implications
    Qian Zhu, Jiaqi Xie, Wuxuan Mei, Changchun Zeng
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Hepatic neoplasm

Direct-acting antivirals response in hepatocellular carcinoma: Does the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma matter?
Chung-Feng Huang, Ming-Lung Yu
Clin Mol Hepatol 2019;25(2):168-171.
Published online February 11, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2018.1014
During the clinical trial development of directly acting antivirals (DAAs), evidence regarding the treatment efficacy in chronic hepatitis C patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was scarce because these patients have always been excluded. Apart from the clinical trials, more HCC patients are currently being treated in daily practice, given that these treatments are highly effective and involve well-tolerated regimens. Large scale, real-world studies have demonstrated potentially suboptimal antiviral treatment efficacy in HCC patients who received DAAs. It is postulated that the impairment of the bioavailability of DAAs may account for the inferior treatment response. However, the results could not be generalized across all studies. The differing results were attributed to diverse patient characteristics, suboptimal regimens or imprecise definitions of active cancer statuses at the time of treatment initiation. Additional large-scale studies that utilize the treatment of choice in clearly defined HCC patients with different disease severities are warranted to clarify the issue.

Citations

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  • Eradication of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Improves Survival of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Active HCV Infection – A Real-World Cohort Study


    Yang Luo, Yue Zhang, Di Wang, Di Shen, Yi-Qun Che
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  • Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk According to Regimens for Eradication of Hepatitis C Virus; Interferon or Direct Acting Antivirals
    Hye Won Lee, Dai Hoon Han, Hye Jung Shin, Jae Seung Lee, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Beom Kyung Kim
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Original Article

Serum Concentration of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) with Low AFP
Hyun Ju Park, Joung Il Lee, Seok Ho Dong, Hyo Jong Kim, Byoung Ho Kim, Young Woon Chang and Rin Chang
Korean J Hepatol 1998;4(4):346-357.
Background/Aims
: In HCC with low AFP. we have to use repeated imaging study to evaluate residual viable rumor or recurrence after TACE ( transarterial chemoembolization). We performed the study to know that sICAM- 1 in HCC can be a tumor marker of diagnosis and has cor relation with tumor size or clinical staging. The results were compared with PIVKA- , an another tumor marker of HCC. Met hods : Previously untreat ed 39 pat ients with HCC were evaluated. Serum sICAM- 1, AFP and PIVKA- II were measured by EIA, immunoradiometric assay and EIA, respectively. Tumor size were meas ured by abdominal CT and angiogr aphy. Results : Range of sICAM- 1 levels with HCC patients were 189.0 to 983.6 ng/ mL, and mean value was 668.3+- 254.4 ng/ mL. Thirty four of the 39 patients (87.2%) with HCC showed sICAM- 1 levels higher than 306.4 ng/ mL (mean of 131 healt hy controls + 2SD level). Range of PIVKA-Ⅱ level with HCC patients were 25.3 to 2,779.3mAU/nL, and mean value was 1,340.1+-1,091.1mAU/mL. seven of the 39 patients(94.9%) with HCC showde PIVKA-Ⅱlevels higher than 40mAU/mL. Range of AFP levels with HCC patients were 4.2 to 57,520ng/mL, and mean value was 4,215.6+-10,807.2ng/mL. 10 patients (26%) showed AFP lower than 20ng/mL, and 17 patients(44%) were AFP lower than 100ng/mL. All of the 17 patients with αFP lower than 100ng/mL had s ICAM- 1 levels more than reference range (mean of 131 healt hy cont r ols + 2 SD level), and PIVKA- II levels also more than reference range. Positive correlation was observed between PIVKA- II level and tumor size in 18 patients without vascular invasion. Accor ding t o HCC clinical staging, 10 patients (25.6%) belonged clinical stage Ⅱ. 5 pat ients (12.8%) Ⅲ, 24 pat ients ( 61.5%) Ⅳ. Both of PIVKA- II and sICAM- 1 levels of stage showed significantly higher than stage Ⅱ. PIVKA-Ⅱ showed more positive correlation with tumor size and clinical stage than sICAM- 1. No correlation was found between AFP and sICAM- 1, and positive correlation was AFP and PIVKA- II. Conclusion: In HCC patients with low AFP, sICAM- 1 and PIVKA- II correlated with tumor size and clinical stage. sICAM- 1 and PIVKA- II may be a useful marker of diagnosis . So, we need to further study to evaluate whether sICAM- 1 and PIVKA- II can be used as a marker of disease progression or prognosis . (Korean J Hepatol 1998;4:346 357)
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Case Report
A Case of Complete Remission in Ruptured Hepatocellular Carcinoma after One - time Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization
Doo Yul Ryu,Duc Ky Lee,Jong Hyung Kim,Hyun Min Shin,Dong In Hwang,Dong Joo Lee,Sang Kook Han,Seok En Kim,Suk Joon Park
Korean J Hepatol 1999;5(4):343-347.
There are many kinds of treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) such as surgical resection, liver transplantation, chemotherapy, interventional therapy [TACE, ethanol embolization, Immuno - chemoembolization, I131 - lipiodol embolization], thermal therapy, cryotherapy, and radiation therapy. Generally spontaneous remission is not common in HCC, however underlying mechanism of spontaneous remission is uncertain. We report a case of complete remission after one time TACE in ruptured HCC with review of literature about the effect of TACE and spontaneous remission. We conclude that arterial embolization is an effective alternative to surgery for hepatic hemostasis in patients with spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. (Korean J Hepatol 1999;5:343-347)
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