Clinical and Molecular Hepatology

"Hepatitis E"

Reviews

Hepatitis E as a trigger for acute-on-chronic liver failure: Maria Buti, Juan Carlos Ruiz-Cobo, Rafael Esteban, Mar Riveiro-Barciela; Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31(Suppl):S196-S204.
Published online November 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0758

Abstract
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Acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is typically self-limiting and has a favourable prognosis. However, certain populations such as patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease may experience severe manifestations, including progression to acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Among viral hepatitis types, hepatitis A, E, and B are major causes of ACLF. Active screening and early diagnosis of HEV infection in patients with cirrhosis, especially those who develop ACLF, can improve management and enable timely antiviral therapy. Preventive measures, including HEV vaccination for high-risk groups, could reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with hepatitis E.

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Ribavirina como tratamiento de hepatitis E aguda grave sobre hepatopatía crónica: experiencia clínica
Alba Rabadán Mata, María Dolores Antón Conejero, José María Paredes Arquiola
Medicina Clínica.2025; 165(6): 107187. CrossRef
Ribavirin as a treatment for severe acute hepatitis E on chronic liver disease: Clinical experience
Alba Rabadán Mata, María Dolores Antón Conejero, José María Paredes Arquiola
Medicina Clínica (English Edition).2025; 165(6): 107187. CrossRef

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Viral hepatitis

Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis E virus: An overview: Fotios S. Fousekis, Ioannis V. Mitselos, Dimitrios K. Christodoulou; Clin Mol Hepatol 2020;26(1):16-23.
Published online October 11, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2019.0082

Abstract
PDF

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a significant health problem with approximately 20 million individuals infected annually. HEV infection has been associated with a wide spectrum of extrahepatic manifestations, including neurological, hematological and renal disorders. Guillain-Barré syndrome and neuralgic amyotrophy are the most frequent neurological manifestations. In addition, HEV infection has been observed with other neurological diseases, such as encephalitis, myelitis and Bell’s palsy. Hematologic manifestations include anemia due to glucose-6-phospate dehydrogonase deficiency, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and severe thrombocytopenia. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and relapse IgA nephropathy with or without coexisting cryoglobulinemia appear to be the most common renal injuries related with HEV infection. Also, HEV infection has been associated with acute pancreatitis and other immune-mediated manifestations, such as arthritis and myocarditis. However, the pathophysiologic mechanisms of HEV-related extrahepatic manifestations are still largely unclear.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Chang-Yi Ji, Meng-Meng Gu, Lan Huang, Jian Wu, Hong-Tao Wang
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Case Reports

Viral hepatitis

A Korean patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome following acute hepatitis E whose cholestasis resolved with steroid therapy: Sung Bok Ji, Sang Soo Lee, Hee cheul Jung, Hong Jun Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Tae Hyo Kim, Woon Tae Jung, Ok Jae Lee, Dae Hyun Song; Clin Mol Hepatol 2016;22(3):396-399.
Published online August 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2015.0039

Abstract
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Autochthonous hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging pathogen in developed countries, and several cases of acute HEV infection have been reported in South Korea. However, there have been no reports on HEV-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in Korea. We recently experienced the case of a 58-year-old Korean male with acute HEV infection after ingesting raw deer meat. Persistent cholestasis was resolved by the administration of prednisolone. At 2.5 months after the clinical presentation of HEV infection, the patient developed weakness of the lower limbs, and was diagnosed with GBS associated with acute hepatitis E. To our knowledge, this is the second report on supportive steroid therapy for persistent cholestasis due to hepatitis E, and the first report of GBS in a Korean patient with acute HEV infection.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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BMC Infectious Diseases.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Hiding in Plain Sight? It’s Time to Investigate Other Possible Transmission Routes for Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Developed Countries
Nicola J. King, Joanne Hewitt, Anne-Marie Perchec-Merien
Food and Environmental Virology.2018; 10(3): 225. CrossRef

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Viral hepatitis

Genotype-4 hepatitis E in a human after ingesting roe deer meat in South Korea: Ja Yoon Choi, Jeong-Mi Lee, Yun Won Jo, Hyun Ju Min, Hyun Jin Kim, Woon Tae Jung, Ok Jae Lee, Haesun Yun, Yeong-Sil Yoon; Clin Mol Hepatol 2013;19(3):309-314.
Published online September 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2013.19.3.309

Abstract
PDF

The recent increase in the number of cases of indigenous hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection highlights the importance of identifying the transmission routes for the prevention of such infections. Presented herein is the first case of acute HEV infection after ingesting wild roe deer meat in South Korea. A 43-year-old male presented with abdominal discomfort and jaundice. He had not recently traveled abroad, but had eaten raw roe-deer meat 6-8 weeks before the presentation. On the 7th day of hospitalization the patient was diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis E. Phylogenetic analysis of his serum revealed genotype-4 HEV. This case supports the possibility of zoonotic transmission of HEV because the patient appears to have been infected with genotype-4 HEV after ingesting raw deer meat.

Citations

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DFdSD Moraes, P Lopez‐Lopez, JD Palmeira, RT Torres, A Rivero‐Juarez, V Dutra, MSJ Nascimento, JR Mesquita
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BMC Infectious Diseases.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular and Pathological Detection of Hepatitis E Virus in Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) and Fallow Deer (Dama dama) in Central Italy
Niccolò Fonti, Maria Irene Pacini, Mario Forzan, Francesca Parisi, Marcello Periccioli, Maurizio Mazzei, Alessandro Poli
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A Case of Acute Hepatitis E: Nam Jin Kim,June Sung Lee,Kyung Ah Kim,Hye Ran Lee,Jang Weon Oh,Yi Dae Cho,Woo Jin Lee,Hyun Wook Baik,Young Bin Jeon,Chung Yong Kim; Korean J Hepatol 2002;8(3):312-316.

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Hepatitis E is an infectious viral disease with clinical and morphologic features of acute hepatitis. Although HEV infection is endemic in the Indian subcontinent, Southeast and Central Asia, a large outbreak of hepatitis E was identified in China. Smaller outbreaks have been observed in the Middle East, northern and western parts of Africa, and Mexico. Sporadic hepatitis E also has been observed in several countries. In nonendemic regions, the sporadic cases of hepatitis E are almost always associated with travel to HEV-endemic regions. In Korea, there has been no report on hepatitis E. Recently, we experienced a case of acute icteric hepatitis in which serologic study showed seroconversion of IgM anti-HEV. The patient did not have any travel history to an HEV-endemic area. We report this as an initial case of acute hepatitis E in Korea. (Korean J Hepatol 2002;8:312-316)

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Nine Cases of Sporadic Acute Hepatitis E in Korea: Jeong Woo Lim , Chan Sun Park , Jung Min Ahn , Mi Hyun Yu , Taeg Soo Kim , Young Suk Lim , Seok Won Chung , Gang Mo Kim , Young Hwa Chung , Yung Sang Lee , Dong Jin Suh; Korean J Hepatol 2006;12(2):230-236.

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Hepatitis E virus is an enterically transmitted virus that causes endemic cases of acute hepatitis in many countries in Africa, and Southeast and Central Asia. Sporadic cases of acute hepatitis E also have been reported in developed countries. In non-endemic areas, most of the sporadic cases of hepatitis E are introduced from the endemic areas. Until now, only three cases of acute hepatitis E have been reported in Korea. Recently, we experienced nine cases of acute hepatitis, in which serologic studies showed positive of IgM anti-HEV. We report these as cases of acute hepatitis E. These cases suggest that HEV infection occurs sporadically in Korea and should be considered as a cause of cryptogenic acute hepatitis. (Korean J Hepatol 2006;12:230-236)