Skip to main navigation Skip to main content

Clin Mol Hepatol : Clinical and Molecular Hepatology

OPEN ACCESS
Search
Advanced Search
ABOUT
BROWSE ARTICLES
FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Page Path

21
results for

"Thrombosis"

Article category

Keywords

More +

Publication year

More +

"Thrombosis"

Review

Update in the treatment of cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis
Jialin Wu, Xinyi Deng, Junyang Luo, Zaibo Jiang, Fuda Xie, Bonan Chen, Hoi Wing Leung, Ge Zhang, Ka Fai To, Wei Kang
Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31(4):1139-1166.
Published online June 24, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2025.0411
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is characterized by the formation of a thrombus (blood clot) within the portal vein system, including main portal vein and its intrahepatic portal vein branches, and may extend to the superior mesenteric vein or splenic vein. The emergence of PVT is linked to diverse risk factors, encompassing liver conditions with cirrhosis, abdominal infections, previous abdominal surgeries, malignancies, inherited or acquired thrombophilias, and systemic hypercoagulable conditions. Recent studies revealed a possible connection between the occurrence of PVT and either contracting corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or receiving a COVID-19 vaccination. Current treatment strategies were primarily based on symptom management, extent, and progression of thrombosis, but their efficacy was inconsistent and suboptimal. Untimely or inadequate treatment can lead to the progression of the thrombus and increase the risk of complications, such as portal hypertension, variceal bleeding, and hepatic decompensation, posing a significant risk to the patient’s life. Thus, early and appropriate initiation of pharmacologic and interventional treatments, as well as more aggressive strategies, is crucial for the management and prevention of PVT progression and recurrence. This review focuses on the literature on the recent advancements in the treatment of PVT using various therapeutic modalities, including anticoagulant therapy, thrombolysis, thrombectomy, interventional therapy and liver transplant in cirrhotic patients. In addition, we discuss pearls and pitfalls of these strategies for PVT, highlighting recent progress, identifying knowledge gaps, and proposing avenues towards precision management.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding risk in cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis: focus on thrombus extension to superior mesenteric vein
    Sa Lv, Hui Feng, Tianjiao Xu, Hua Tian, Haibo Wang, Dongze Li, Shaoli You, Bing Zhu
    BMC Gastroenterology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Letter: Beyond Survival Benefit in CHANCE2311—Important Considerations in the Interpretation of TACE Combined With Immunotherapy in Advanced HCC
    Yinghan Chen, Caiyun Lu, Yucheng Xu, Zhidong Zang
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2026; 64(5): 701.     CrossRef
  • Risk factors and predictive model for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt dysfunction in cirrhotic patients
    Yongbing Zhao, Tingwei Xiong, Sijie Hu, Hao Zhou, En Liu, Zhengguo Xu, Rui Xie
    European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2026; 38(8): 977.     CrossRef
  • Trends in MASLD-related cirrhosis and liver cancer across diverse populations, 2010–2023
    Jialin Wu, Bonan Chen, Fuda Xie, Jiahui Hu, Mingyu Liang, Yang Lyu, Peiyao Yu, Tiejun Feng, Muyang Huang, Canbin Fang, Ka Fai To, Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip, Xingxin Wang, Wei Kang
    Hepatology International.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Mechanical Thrombectomy and Shunt Embolization to Manage Gastric Variceal Bleeding with Acute Portal Vein Thrombosis
    Nikhil Shankar, Avinash Bhat Balekuduru, Indushekar Subbanna, Manoj Kumar Sahu
    Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy Practice.2026; 6(3): 101.     CrossRef
  • Acute portal vein thrombosis in an elderly man with homozygous mutations of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genes
    Junxiu Chen, Haonan Zhao, Shengye Yang, Huiyuan Lu, Xingshun Qi
    Archives of Medical Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prediction of bowel resection due to bowel necrosis in recent portal vein thrombosis based on CT presentations and clinical data
    Junyang Luo, Junwei Chen, Hua Tang, Jialin Wu, Xiaohong Wang, Zaibo Jiang, Jie Qin
    BMC Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Long-term patency of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis
    Junyang Luo, Churen Zhou, Yanyang Zhang, Haofan Wang, Caiyun Lu, Jialin Wu, Jie Qin, Zaibo Jiang, Junwei Chen
    Thrombosis Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 7,112 View
  • 381 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Correspondence

Hepatic neoplasm

Correspondence to letter to the editor on “Transarterial radioembolization versus tyrosine kinase inhibitor in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis”
Moon Haeng Hur, Yoon Jun Kim
Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31(1):e93-e95.
Published online November 6, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0943
  • 5,846 View
  • 54 Download

Letter to the Editor

Hepatic neoplasm

Comparison of the therapeutic effects of transarterial radioembolization and tyrosine kinase inhibitor in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis
Hang Li, Hua Lu, Xi-Ping Shen, Xiao-Song Li
Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31(1):e3-e4.
Published online October 7, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0832

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Correspondence to letter to the editor on “Transarterial radioembolization versus tyrosine kinase inhibitor in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis”
    Moon Haeng Hur, Yoon Jun Kim
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025; 31(1): e93.     CrossRef
  • 7,433 View
  • 66 Download
  • Crossref

Editorial

Hepatic neoplasm

Reappraisal of transarterial radioembolization for liver-confined hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: Editorial on “Transarterial radioembolization versus tyrosine kinase inhibitor in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis”
Jin Hyoung Kim, Gun Ha Kim, Dong Il Gwon
Clin Mol Hepatol 2024;30(4):659-662.
Published online July 17, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2024.0516

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Survival Benefit of Combined Systemic and Locoregional Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
    Fan Gao, Chengxiang Guo, Yiwen Chen, Yinan Shen, Xiang Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Shunliang Gao, Xueli Bai, Tingbo Liang
    Liver Cancer.2026; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Locoregional Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus
    Ramanpreet Singh, Mina S. Makary
    Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Macroscopic Vascular Invasion: An Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighted Analysis
    Jihoon Kim, Jin-Hyoung Kim, Byung Soo Im, Gun Ha Kim, Hee Ho Chu, Dong Il Gwon, Ji Hoon Shin, Ju Hyun Shim, Sang Min Yoon, Sehee Kim
    Cancers.2025; 18(1): 33.     CrossRef
  • 5,850 View
  • 96 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Review

Liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension

Treatment of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis
Ho Soo Chun, A Reum Choe, Minjong Lee, Yuri Cho, Hwi Young Kim, Kwon Yoo, Tae Hun Kim
Clin Mol Hepatol 2021;27(4):535-552.
Published online June 16, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2021.0109
Although patients with cirrhosis are known to be in a state of “rebalance” in that pro- and anticoagulant factors increase the risk for both bleeding and thrombosis, the prevalence of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with cirrhosis can be up to 26%. Therefore, physicians should consider anticoagulation for the prevention and management of PVT in patients with cirrhosis who are at high risk of PVT. Vitamin K antagonist or low molecular weight heparin is suggested as the standard treatment for PVT in cirrhosis. With the advent of new direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs), there is a paradigm shift of switching to DOACs for the treatment of PVT in patients with cirrhosis. However, the safety and efficacy of DOACs in the treatment of PVT was not well-known in patients with cirrhosis. Therefore, this review focused on the current knowledge about the efficacy, safety concerns, and hepatic metabolism of DOACs in patients with cirrhosis and PVT.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • A glycoprotein UGP2A from the medicinal insect Ulomoides dermestoides alleviates deep vein thrombosis via the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway
    Qun Yu, Caiyi Wang, Yadan Dong, Mingrong Li, Ting Yan, Heng Liu, Chenggui Zhang, Jiapeng Wang, Huai Xiao
    International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.2026; 341: 150216.     CrossRef
  • Sequential anticoagulation with LMWH and DOACs in cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis
    Melis Onay, Myriam Heilani, Chaarvee Gulia, Christoph Matthias, Eva Herrmann, Vitali Koch, Leon David Grünewald, Albrecht Piiper, Stefan Zeuzem, Mate Knabe
    Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology.2026; 50(4): 102792.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of 6-week mortality and influencing factors in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis complicated by acute gastrointestinal bleeding
    Junli Zhang, Ling Feng, Chih-Wei Tseng
    PLOS One.2026; 21(3): e0345079.     CrossRef
  • Experience With Dabigatran on Rate of Portal Vein Thrombosis Recanalization, Disease Progression and Survival
    Madhumita Premkumar, Harish Bhujade, Prerna Sharma, Jasvinder Nain, Jasmina Ahluwalia, Anchal Sandhu, Yogendra Kumar, Sahaj Rathi, Sunil Taneja, Ajay Kumar Duseja, Anand V. Kulkarni, Charanpreet Singh, Shano Naseem, Tanka Karki, Pankaj Gupta, Sreedhara B.
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2025; 61(6): 971.     CrossRef
  • Comprehensive approach to liver cirrhosis treatment: Integrating ayurveda, homeopathy, and allopathy
    Debabrata Dash, Palak Kesharwani, Raj Kumar Koiri
    Pharmacological Research - Natural Products.2025; 6: 100184.     CrossRef
  • The current findings on the gut-liver axis and the molecular basis of NAFLD/NASH associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis
    Seema Sharma, Nishant Tiwari, Sampat Singh Tanwar
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.2025; 398(9): 11541.     CrossRef
  • Machine learning models predict coagulopathy in traumatic brain injury patients in ER
    Haoyu Wang, Wenying Cao, Jianhuang Huang, Yuxing Feng, Cheng Li
    Frontiers in Neurology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Traditional Anticoagulation in Budd-Chiari Syndrome
    Xiaojuan Wu, Lijuan Liang, Jinghong Liu
    Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The relationship between gastroduodenal lesions and coronary heart disease
    N. U. Chamsutdinov, Ja. N. Abdulmanapova, N. A. Alieva, K. L. Seydalieva, A. R. Arbukhanova, M. A. Alakhverdieva, Z. M. Magomedova, R. G. Biybolatova
    Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council.2025; (15): 58.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Various Anticoagulation Regimens for Portal Venous Thrombosis in Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
    Zain ul Abideen, Muhammad Hassan Waseem, Noor Ul Huda Ramzan, Hamna Raheel, Fariha Hasan, Pawan Kumar Thada, Prasun K. Jalal
    Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Related Influencing Factors of Portal Vein Thrombosis After Hepatectomy
    ShiGuai Qi, Jie Tao, Xinhua Wu, Xu Feng, Guoying Feng, Zhengrong Shi
    Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques.2024; 34(3): 246.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Warfarin in Cirrhotic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Chunwei Cheng, Juan Hua, Liang Xiong
    Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Traditional Anticoagulation in Cirrhotic Patients with Portal Vein Thrombosis: Updated Systematic Review
    Xiulin Xiao, Wengen Zhu, Qixin Dai
    Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Portal Vein Variations, Clinical Correlation, and Embryological Explanation: A Review Article
    Gareema Tyagi, Roshan K Jha
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • THE SURGEON'S PERSPECTIVE ON PORTAL VEIN THROMBOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS
    S.M. Vasyliuk, V.I. Hudyvok, І.R. Labiak, N.M. Pavliuk, V.M. Atamaniuk
    Art of Medicine.2023; : 152.     CrossRef
  • Heparins for prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in cirrhosis: Research advances
    Zhe Li, Wen-Tao Xu, Xiang-Bo Xu, Xing-Shun Qi
    World Chinese Journal of Digestology.2022; 30(9): 381.     CrossRef
  • Letter to the editor: Treating portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: is anticoagulation therapy overestimated?
    Xiaobing Wang, Liping Chen
    Hepatology International.2022; 16(5): 1248.     CrossRef
  • Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs): From the laboratory point of view
    Sandra Margetić, Sandra Šupraha Goreta, Ivana Ćelap, Marija Razum
    Acta Pharmaceutica.2022; 72(4): 459.     CrossRef
  • 21,158 View
  • 729 Download
  • 16 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Case Report

Hepatic neoplasm

Complete cure of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with right adrenal gland metastasis and portal vein thrombosis by multiple applications of an interdisciplinary therapy: case report with 8-year follow up
Hojung Jung, Byung Ik Kim, Yong Kyun Cho, Woo Kyu Jeon, Hong Joo Kim, Hyun Pyo Hong
Clin Mol Hepatol 2018;24(4):424-429.
Published online November 14, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2017.0032
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cause of death worldwide and the main cause of primary liver cancer. The principle problem of HCC is the poor prognosis, since advanced HCC reportedly has a median survival of only 9 months. The standard therapies are sorafenib and regorafenib, but the outcomes remain unclear. We report a 60-year-old man with advanced HCC with right adrenal gland metastasis and portal vein tumor thrombosis, who showed a complete response to multiple applications of an interdisciplinary therapy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Long-term sustained complete response with off-therapy to sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report
    Takeshi Koujima, Yoshikatsu Endo, Takeharu Yamamoto, Toshifumi Tada, Kazuhiko Morii, Shinichiro Nakamura, Kyohei Kai
    Kanzo.2020; 61(5): 255.     CrossRef
  • 15,584 View
  • 186 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Article

Hepatic neoplasm

A comparative study of sorafenib and metronomic chemotherapy for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer-stage C hepatocellular carcinoma with poor liver function
Hyun Yang, Hyun Young Woo, Soon Kyu Lee, Ji Won Han, Bohyun Jang, Hee Chul Nam, Hae Lim Lee, Sung Won Lee, Do Seon Song, Myeong Jun Song, Jung Suk Oh, Ho Jong Chun, Jeong Won Jang, Angelo Lozada, Si Hyun Bae, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon
Clin Mol Hepatol 2017;23(2):128-137.
Published online May 10, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2016.0071
Background/Aims
Metronomic chemotherapy (MET) is frequently administered in comparatively low doses as a continuous chemotherapeutic agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and overall survival (OS) of MET compared to sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT).
Methods
A total of 54 patients with advanced HCC and PVTT who had undergone MET were analyzed between 2005 and 2013. A total of 53 patients who had undergone sorafenib therapy were analyzed as the control group. The primary endpoint of this study was OS.
Results
The median number of MET cycles was two (1-15). The OS values for the MET group and sorafenib group were 158 days (132-184) and 117 days (92-142), respectively (P=0.029). The Cox proportional-hazard model showed that a higher risk of death was correlated with higher serum alpha fetoprotein level (≥400 mg/dL, hazard ratio [HR]=1.680, P=0.014) and Child-Pugh class B (HR=1.856, P=0.008).
Conclusions
MET was associated with more favorable outcomes in terms of overall survival than was sorafenib in patients with advanced HCC with PVTT, especially in patients with poor liver function. Therefore, MET can be considered as a treatment option in patients with advanced HCC with PVTT and poor liver function.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAlC) versus sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) B/C: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Zhengqiang Chen, Yaotian Fan, Yuting Luo, Xiwen Ye, Zhen You, Do Young Kim
    PLOS One.2026; 21(2): e0342495.     CrossRef
  • Optimal candidates and surrogate endpoints for HAIC versus Sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
    Tengfei Si, Qing Shao, Wayel Jassem, Yun Ma, Nigel Heaton
    International Journal of Surgery.2025; 111(1): 1203.     CrossRef
  • The deubiquitinating enzyme ATXN3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by stabilizing TAZ
    Yuanhao Peng, Hui Nie, Kuo Kang, Xuanxuan Li, Yongguang Tao, Yangying Zhou
    Cancer Gene Therapy.2025; 32(1): 136.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and its combination strategies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A network meta-analysis
    Shun-An Zhou, Qing-Mei Zhou, Lei Wu, Zhi-Hong Chen, Fan Wu, Zhen-Rong Chen, Lian-Qun Xu, Bi-Ling Gan, Hao-Sheng Jin, Ning Shi
    World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2024; 16(8): 3672.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and Safety of Metronomic Capecitabine in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Nandini Gupta, Neelkant Verma, Bhoomika Patel
    Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer.2024; 55(4): 1485.     CrossRef
  • Clinical significance of exosomal noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review
    Jae Sung Yoo, Min Kyu Kang
    Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science.2024; 42: 4.     CrossRef
  • Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy versus sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: An updated meta-analysis and systematic review
    Wei Zhang, Deliang Ouyang, Zhangkan Huang, Xu Che
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Management of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis: A narrative review
    Zi-Wen Tao, Bao-Quan Cheng, Tao Zhou, Yan-Jing Gao
    Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International.2022; 21(2): 134.     CrossRef
  • A novel chemotherapy strategy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study
    Juxian Sun, Chang Liu, Jie Shi, Nanya Wang, Dafeng Jiang, Feifei Mao, Jingwen Gu, Liping Zhou, Li Shen, Wan Yee Lau, Shuqun Cheng
    Chinese Medical Journal.2022; 135(19): 2338.     CrossRef
  • Patterns and Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Invasion: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
    Dong Hyun Sinn, Hye Won Lee, Yong-Han Paik, Do Young Kim, Yoon Jun Kim, Kang Mo Kim, Si Hyun Bae, Ji Hoon Kim, Yeon Seok Seo, Jae Young Jang, Byoung Kuk Jang, Hyung Joon Yim, Hyung Joon Kim, Byung Seok Lee, Bo Hyun Kim, In Hee Kim, Eun-Young Cho, Jung Il
    Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2021; 66(1): 315.     CrossRef
  • Survival in untreated hepatocellular carcinoma: A national cohort study
    Young Ae Kim, Danbee Kang, Hyeyoung Moon, Donghyun Sinn, Minwoong Kang, Sang Myung Woo, Yoon Jung Chang, Boram Park, Sun-Young Kong, Eliseo Guallar, Soo-Yong Shin, Geunyeon Gwak, Joung Hwan Back, Eun Sook Lee, Juhee Cho, Gianfranco D. Alpini
    PLOS ONE.2021; 16(2): e0246143.     CrossRef
  • Capecitabine Treatment: A Safe and Effective Therapy in the Field of Oncology
    Linda Beenet
    Clinical Colorectal Cancer.2021; 20(3): e194.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and tolerability of Sorafenib plus metronomic chemotherapy S-1 for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in preclinical and clinical assessments
    Hiroyuki Suzuki, Hideki Iwamoto, Masahito Nakano, Toru Nakamura, Atsutaka Masuda, Takahiko Sakaue, Toshimitsu Tanaka, Dan Nakano, Ryoko Kuromatsu, Takashi Niizeki, Shusuke Okamura, Shigeo Shimose, Tomotake Shirono, Yu Noda, Naoki Kamachi, Hirohisa Yano, A
    Translational Oncology.2021; 14(11): 101201.     CrossRef
  • The Role of Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Shengzhou Li, Jiaxuan Xu, Hongya Zhang, Jiaze Hong, Yuexiu Si, Tong Yang, Yujing He, Derry Minyao Ng, Dingcheng Zheng
    Chemotherapy.2021; 66(4): 124.     CrossRef
  • Systematic review of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy versus sorafenib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis
    Miao Liu, Junyi Shi, Tong Mou, Yang Wang, Zhongjun Wu, Ai Shen
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2020; 35(8): 1277.     CrossRef
  • Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Hepatocellular Carcinoma as a Predictor of a Response to Cisplatin-Based Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy
    Pil Soo Sung, Moon Hyung Choi, Hyun Yang, Soon Kyu Lee, Ho Jong Chun, Jeong Won Jang, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon, Joon-Il Choi, Young Joon Lee, Si Hyun Bae
    Frontiers in Oncology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • ASPP2 enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity through the down-regulation of XIAP expression in a p53 independent manner in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Tongwang Yang, Yuxue Gao, Daojie Liu, Yang Wang, Jing Wu, Xiaoni Liu, Ying Shi, Dexi Chen
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications.2019; 508(3): 769.     CrossRef
  • Selective embolization with magnetized microbeads using magnetic resonance navigation in a controlled‐flow liver model
    François Michaud, Ning Li, Rosalie Plantefève, Zeynab Nosrati, Charles Tremblay, Katayoun Saatchi, Gerald Moran, Alexandre Bigot, Urs O. Häfeli, Samuel Kadoury, An Tang, Pierre Perreault, Sylvain Martel, Gilles Soulez
    Medical Physics.2019; 46(2): 789.     CrossRef
  • Metronomic Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Clinical Experience
    Cem Simsek, Ece Esin, Suayib Yalcin
    Journal of Oncology.2019; 2019: 1.     CrossRef
  • Sorafenib versus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Bo-wen Zhuang, Wei Li, Xiao-hua Xie, Hang-tong Hu, Ming-de Lu, Xiao-yan Xie
    Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2019; 49(9): 845.     CrossRef
  • Sorafenib-loaded hydroxyethyl starch-TG100-115 micelles for the treatment of liver cancer based on synergistic treatment
    Guofei Li, Limei Zhao
    Drug Delivery.2019; 26(1): 756.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis: Beyond the known frontiers
    Lucia Cerrito, Brigida Eleonora Annicchiarico, Roberto Iezzi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maurizio Pompili, Francesca Romana Ponziani
    World Journal of Gastroenterology.2019; 25(31): 4360.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of clinical outcomes between sorafenib and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
    Min Kyu Kang, Jung Gil Park, Heon Ju Lee
    Medicine.2018; 97(17): e0611.     CrossRef
  • Randomized, prospective, comparative study on the effects and safety of sorafenib vs. hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis
    Jong Hwan Choi, Woo Jin Chung, Si Hyun Bae, Do Seon Song, Myeong Jun Song, Young Seok Kim, Hyung Joon Yim, Young Kul Jung, Sang Jun Suh, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Seung Up Kim, Sung Bum Cho
    Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology.2018; 82(3): 469.     CrossRef
  • Rationale for the use of metronomic chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer
    Roberto Filippi, Pasquale Lombardi, Ilaria Depetris, Elisabetta Fenocchio, Virginia Quarà, Giovanna Chilà, Massimo Aglietta, Francesco Leone
    Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy.2018; 19(13): 1451.     CrossRef
  • Liver‑targeted delivery of liposome‑encapsulated curcumol using galactosylated‑stearate
    Wen‑Jie Li, You‑Wen Lian, Quan‑Sheng Guan, Ning Li, Wen‑Jun Liang, Wen‑Xin Liu, Yong‑Bin Huang, Yi Cheng, Hui Luo
    Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Can metronomic chemotherapy be an alternative to sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma?
    Do Young Kim
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2017; 23(2): 123.     CrossRef
  • 16,117 View
  • 196 Download
  • 31 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Case Report

Liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension

Recurrent acute portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis treated by rivaroxaban
Hyeyoung Yang, Seo Ree Kim, Myeong Jun Song
Clin Mol Hepatol 2016;22(4):499-502.
Published online November 25, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2016.0016
Cirrhosis can occur with the development of portal vein thrombosis (PVT). PVT may aggravate portal hypertension, and it can lead to hepatic decompensation. The international guideline recommends for anticoagulation treatment to be maintained for at least 3 months in all patients with acute PVT. Low-molecular-weight-heparin and changing to warfarin is the usual anticoagulation treatment. However, warfarin therapy is problematic due to a narrow therapeutic window and the requirement for frequent dose adjustment, which has prompted the development of novel oral anticoagulants for overcoming these problems. We report a 63-year-old female who experienced complete resolution of recurrent acute PVT in liver cirrhosis after treatment with rivaroxaban.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Axillary vein thrombosis related to midline catheter in a patient with Wilson’s disease: a case report
    Lei He, Huan Zhou, Pengfei Xu, Xiupei Xu, Ping Wang, Hui Han
    Frontiers in Medicine.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Latest Progress in Risk Factors and Anticoagulant Therapy for Portal Vein Thrombosis after Splenectomy
    艳 张
    Advances in Clinical Medicine.2025; 15(01): 2280.     CrossRef
  • Recommendations for the safe use of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with cirrhosis based on a systematic review of pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and safety data
    Maaike M. E. Diesveld, Daniëlle W. M. Jacobs- Pijnenburg, Rianne A. Weersink, Ina Barzel, Joost P. H. Drenth, Ton Lisman, Herold J. Metselaar, Margje H. Monster-Simons, Midas B. Mulder, Eline Okel, Katja Taxis, Sander D. Borgsteede
    European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2024; 80(6): 797.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: a multicenter real life cοhort study
    Aikaterini MANTAKA, Nikolaos GATSELIS, Christos K. TRIANTOS, Ulrich THALHEIMER, Gioacchino LEANDRO, Kalliopi ZACHOU, Christos KONSTANTAKIS, Asterios SAITIS, Konstantinos THOMOPOULOS, Elias A. KOUROUMALIS, George N. DALEKOS, Dimitrios N. SAMONAKIS
    Minerva Gastroenterology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Portal Vein Variations, Clinical Correlation, and Embryological Explanation: A Review Article
    Gareema Tyagi, Roshan K Jha
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Nonviral or Drug-Induced Etiologies of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (Autoimmune, Vascular, and Malignant)
    Suzanne A. Elshafey, Robert S. Brown
    Clinics in Liver Disease.2023; 27(3): 649.     CrossRef
  • Retrospective analysis of the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in the treatment of hepatic sinus obstruction syndrome caused by Gynura segetum
    Hao Bing, Dan Li, Xiangmin He, Jing Tong, Ying Wang, Ran Ao, Ningning Wang, Bing Chang, Yiling Li
    Community Acquired Infection.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Treatment of acute exacerbation of liver-cirrhosis-associated portal vein thrombosis with direct-acting oral anticoagulant, edoxaban, used as an initial treatment in the early postoperative period after abdominal surgery: a case report
    Junya Toyoda, Daisuke Morioka, Nobutoshi Horii, Gakuryu Nakayama, Norio Oyama, Fumio Asano, Yusuke Izumisawa, Masaru Miura, Yoshiki Sato, Itaru Endo
    Journal of Medical Case Reports.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Current knowledge and management of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis
    Marco Senzolo, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Juan Carlos García-Pagán
    Journal of Hepatology.2021; 75(2): 442.     CrossRef
  • Usage of Direct Acting Oral Anticoagulants in Cirrhotic and Non-Cirrhotic Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Systematic Review
    Sachin Gupta, Jessica Hidalgo, Balraj Singh, Aditya Iyer, Yang Yang, Alexandra Short, Sandeep Singh, Harshil Bhatt, Sorab Gupta
    Cureus.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants in the treatment of portal vein thrombosis
    Haley N. Ilcewicz, Jay L. Martello, Kara Piechowski
    European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2021; 33(6): 911.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of unusual thrombotic manifestations
    Maria Abbattista, Marco Capecchi, Ida Martinelli
    Blood.2020; 135(5): 326.     CrossRef
  • Management of anticoagulation in adult patients with chronic parenchymal or vascular liver disease
    Isabelle Ollivier-Hourmand, Nga Nguyen, Andrea De Gottardi, Dominique Valla, Sophie Hillaire, Danielle Dutheil, Christophe Bureau, Virginia Hernandez-Gea, Emmanuelle De Raucourt, Aurélie Plessier
    Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology.2020; 44(4): 438.     CrossRef
  • Clinical case of chronic portal vein thrombosis
    L. Zaklyakova, B. Levitan, M. Bolgova, V. Skvortsov, I. Zaklyakov
    Terapevt (General Physician).2020; (2): 27.     CrossRef
  • New Insights into the Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Treatment of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Cirrhosis
    Oana Nicoară-Farcău, Guillem Soy, Marta Magaz, Anna Baiges, Fanny Turon, Angeles Garcia-Criado, Marta Barrufet, Marta Burrel, Virginia Hernández-Gea, Juan Carlos García-Pagán
    Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis.2020; 46(06): 673.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulant therapy for the treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with chronic liver disease
    Kyle A. Davis, Charles R. Puleo, Alexander J. Kovalic, Sarah A. Nisly
    Thrombosis Research.2019; 176: 27.     CrossRef
  • Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Chronic Liver Disease
    Taylor D. Steuber, Meredith L. Howard, Sarah A. Nisly
    Annals of Pharmacotherapy.2019; 53(10): 1042.     CrossRef
  • Update on Management of Portal Vein Thrombosis and the Role of Novel Anticoagulants
    Matthew Wu, Michael Schuster, Micheal Tadros
    Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology.2019; 7(X): 1.     CrossRef
  • Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: Why a well-known complication is still matter of debate
    Mariella Faccia, Maria Elena Ainora, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Laura Riccardi, Matteo Garcovich, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maurizio Pompili, Maria Assunta Zocco
    World Journal of Gastroenterology.2019; 25(31): 4437.     CrossRef
  • Hémostase et cirrhose
    Emmanuelle De Raucourt, A. Poujol-Robert, Dominique Valla, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou
    Revue de biologie médicale.2019; nº350(5): 5.     CrossRef
  • Rivaroxaban and Apixaban for Initial Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism of Atypical Location
    Dawid T. Janczak, Malgorzata K. Mimier, Robert D. McBane, Patrick S. Kamath, Benjamin S. Simmons, Dalene M. Bott-Kitslaar, Charles J. Lenz, Emily R. Vargas, David O. Hodge, Waldemar E. Wysokinski
    Mayo Clinic Proceedings.2018; 93(1): 40.     CrossRef
  • Clinical significance of small‐bowel villous edema in patients with liver cirrhosis: A capsule endoscopy study
    Ichiro Otani, Shiro Oka, Shinji Tanaka, Akiyoshi Tsuboi, Sayoko Kunihara, Yuko Nagaoki, Hiroshi Aikata, Kazuaki Chayama
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2018; 33(4): 825.     CrossRef
  • Current approaches to challenging scenarios in myeloproliferative neoplasms
    Eran Zimran, Ronald Hoffman, Marina Kremyanskaya
    Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2018; 18(6): 567.     CrossRef
  • Timing of anticoagulation for portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: An Italian internist’s perspective
    Nicoletta Riva, Walter Ageno
    Journal of Translational Internal Medicine.2018; 6(1): 6.     CrossRef
  • Newer Oral Anticoagulants in the Treatment of Acute Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with and without Cirrhosis
    P. Priyanka, J. T. Kupec, M. Krafft, N. A. Shah, G. J. Reynolds
    International Journal of Hepatology.2018; 2018: 1.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulant therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis: insights for the clinician
    Stefania Basili, Daniele Pastori, Valeria Raparelli, Francesco Violi
    Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 17,657 View
  • 240 Download
  • 27 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Article

Hepatic neoplasm

Survival outcomes of hepatic resection compared with transarterial chemoembolization or sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis
Jung Min Lee, Byoung Kuk Jang, Yoo Jin Lee, Wang Yong Choi, Sei Myong Choi, Woo Jin Chung, Jae Seok Hwang, Koo Jeong Kang, Young Hwan Kim, Anil Kumar Chauhan, Soo Young Park, Won Young Tak, Young Oh Kweon, Byung Seok Kim, Chang Hyeong Lee
Clin Mol Hepatol 2016;22(1):160-167.
Published online March 28, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2016.22.1.160
Background/Aims
Treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) remains controversial. We compared the outcomes of hepatic resection (HR), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), and sorafenib therapy as treatments for HCC with PVTT.
Methods
Patients diagnosed as HCC with PVTT between January 2000 and December 2011 who received treatment with sorafenib, HR, or TACE were included. Patients with main PVTT, superior mesenteric vein tumor thrombosis, or Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class C were excluded. The records of 172 patients were analyzed retrospectively. HR, TACE, and sorafenib treatment were performed is 40, 80, and 52 patients respectively. PVTT was classified as either involving the segmental branch (type I) or extending to involve the right or left portal vein (type II).
Results
The median survival time was significantly longer in the HR group (19.9 months) than in the TACE and sorafenib groups (6.6 and 6.2 months, respectively; both P<0.001), and did not differ significantly between the latter two groups (P=0.698). Among patients with CTP class A, type I PVTT or unilobar-involved HCC, the median survival time was longer in the HR group than in the TACE and sorafenib groups (P=0.006). In univariate analyses, the initial treatment method, tumor size, PVTT type, involved lobe, CTP class, and presence of cirrhosis or ascites were correlated with overall survival. The significant prognostic factors for overall survival in Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis were initial treatment method (HR vs. TACE: hazard ratio=1.750, P=0.036; HR vs. sorafenib: hazard ratio=2.262, P=0.006), involved lobe (hazard ratio=1.705, P=0.008), PVTT type (hazard ratio=1.617, P=0.013), and CTP class (hazard ratio=1.712, P=0.012).
Conclusions
Compared with TACE or sorafenib, HR may prolong the survival of patients with HCC in cases of CTP class A, type I PVTT or unilobar-involved HCC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Surgical resection versus non-surgical treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma with macrovascular invasion
    Yifeng Fang, Enjie Zhou, Jiahao Hu, Bin Zhang, Jiliang Shen, Tuck-Whye Wong, Yifan Wang, Shuyou Peng, Jiasheng Cao
    Scientific Reports.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analysis of risk factors and prediction of prognosis in patients with primary liver cancer undergoing transarterial chemoembolization
    Xu-Long Lu, Li-Min Yin
    Frontiers in Oncology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative Validation of Prediction Models for HCC Outcomes in Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Superiority of Tumor Markers to Imaging Study
    Hwa‐Hee Koh, Minyu Kang, Deok‐Gie Kim, Jae Hyon Park, Eun‐Ki Min, Jae Geun Lee, Myoung Soo Kim, Dong Jin Joo
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2025; 40(3): 626.     CrossRef
  • Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma with vascular invasion: Current insights and future perspectives
    Tong Yuan, Junjie Liu, Xing Lv, Erlei Zhang, Zhiyong Huang
    Oncology and Translational Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Noninvasive MRI imaging feature-based prediction of intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structure maturity in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study
    Yiman Li, Ying Chen, Zongqian Wu, Yuting Shi, Mengsi Li, Ping Cai, Huarong Zhang, Chen Liu, Wei Chen, Qingrui Li, Xiaoming Li
    European Radiology.2025; 36(2): 1037.     CrossRef
  • Comparative analysis of hepatectomy for HCC with PVTT: Insights from a 30-year single-center experience
    Zhicheng Yao, Yupeng Ren, Mingbo Cao, Yuxuan Li, Xiaorui Su, Ziyi Hu, Pei Han, Ho Kam Yuen, Tan To Cheung
    Surgical Oncology.2025; 60: 102211.     CrossRef
  • Transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma: exploring its role in vascular invasion and extrahepatic metastasis: A systematic review
    Muhammad Usman Younas, Abdullah Saeed, Muhammad Ramzan, Muhammad Junaid Tahir, Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed, Ali Ahmed
    Medicine.2025; 104(8): e41570.     CrossRef
  • Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: an expert consensus-based practical recommendation from the Korean Liver Cancer Association
    Min-Su Park, Jai Young Cho, Eunju Kim, Hee Young Na, YoungRok Choi, Na Reum Kim, Young-In Yoon, Boram Lee, Eun Sun Jang, Yun Kyung Jung, Kyung Sik Kim
    Journal of Liver Cancer.2025; 25(2): 140.     CrossRef
  • Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: an expert consensus-based practical recommendation from the Korean Liver Cancer Association
    Min-Su Park, Jai Young Cho, Eunju Kim, Hee Young Na, YoungRok Choi, Na Reum Ki, Young-In Yoon, Boram Lee, Eun Sun Jang, Yun Kyung Jung, Kyung Sik Kim
    Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2025; 109(3): 123.     CrossRef
  • Systemic therapy followed by liver resection improved prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with macrovascular invasion
    Jinyu Zhang, Zirui Zhang, Qionglan Wu, Jinhua Zeng, Jingfeng Liu, Jianxing Zeng
    European Journal of Medical Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Advances in the Combined Treatments of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
    常杰 杜
    Advances in Clinical Medicine.2024; 14(01): 410.     CrossRef
  • Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy combined with camrelizumab plus rivoceranib for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: a multicenter propensity score-matching analysis
    Yangyang Li, Jiandong Guo, Wendao Liu, Huajin Pang, Yipei Song, Siyi Wu, Fengtao Zhang, Dong Yan, Junwei Chen, Chao An, Chengzhi Li
    Hepatology International.2024; 18(4): 1286.     CrossRef
  • Surgical outcome and risk scoring to predict survival after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis
    Tae-Seok Kim, Kwangho Yang, Gi Hong Choi, Hye Yeon Yang, Dong-Sik Kim, Hye-Sung Jo, Gyu-Seong Choi, Kwan Woo Kim, Young Chul Yoon, Jaryung Han, Doo Jin Kim, Shin Hwang, Koo Jeong Kang
    Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery.2024; 28(2): 134.     CrossRef
  • Transarterial therapy combined with bevacizumab plus immune checkpoint inhibitors as a neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced HCC
    Zhenyun Yang, Qianyu Wang, Li Hu, Xiaoxian Sima, Juncheng Wang, Dandan Hu, Zhongguo Zhou, Minshan Chen, Yaojun Zhang, Yizhen Fu
    Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Transarterial chemoembolization plus immune checkpoint inhibitor as postoperative adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: A multicenter cohort study
    Luyun Yuan, Jinkai Feng, Yuqing Zhang, Chongde Lu, Liu Xu, Chao Liang, Zonghan Liu, Feifei Mao, Yanjun Xiang, Weijun Wang, Kang Wang, Shuqun Cheng
    European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2023; 49(7): 1226.     CrossRef
  • Diffusion-Weighted Imaging as a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker for Predicting Proliferation Rate in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Developing a Radiomics Nomogram
    Chuan Yan, Zewen Han, Xiaojie Chen, Lanmei Gao, Rongping Ye, Yueming Li
    Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography.2023; 47(4): 539.     CrossRef
  • Surgical resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma and those beyond BCLC: systematic review with proposed management algorithm
    Saneya Pandrowala, Shraddha Patkar, Mahesh Goel, Darius Mirza, S. K. Mathur
    Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 2022 KLCA-NCC Korea practice guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma

    Journal of Liver Cancer.2023; 23(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Favorable Prognostic Factors for Survival Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis After Hepatectomy
    Sang-Hoon Kim, Deok-Bog Moon, Yo-Han Park, Sung-Gyu Lee, Ki-Hun Kim, Shin Hwang, Chul-Soo Ahn, Tae-Yong Ha, Gi-Won Song, Dong-Hwan Jung, Gil-Chun Park, Minjae Kim, Byeong-Gon Na, Geunhyeok Yang, Sung Min Kim, Rak-kyun Oh
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2023; 30(7): 4279.     CrossRef
  • Are patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein tumour thrombosis candidates for liver transplantation?
    Arvinder Soin, Mickaël Lesurtel, Prashant Bhangui, Lorenzo Cocchi, Mohamed Bouattour, Pierre-Alain Clavien
    Journal of Hepatology.2023; 78(6): 1124.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with macroscopic vascular invasion: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
    Francisco Tustumi, Fabricio Ferreira Coelho, Daniel de Paiva Magalhães, Sérgio Silveira Júnior, Vagner Birk Jeismann, Gilton Marques Fonseca, Jaime Arthur Pirola Kruger, Luiz Augusto Carneiro D'Albuquerque, Paulo Herman
    Transplantation Reviews.2023; 37(3): 100763.     CrossRef
  • Preoperative MRI-based multiparametric model for survival prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumor thrombus following hepatectomy
    Lin Zhang, Tianying Zheng, Yuanan Wu, Hong Wei, Ting Yang, Xiaomei Zhu, Jie Yang, Yidi Chen, Yanshu Wang, Yali Qu, Jie Chen, Yun Zhang, Hanyu Jiang, Bin Song
    European Journal of Radiology.2023; 165: 110895.     CrossRef
  • Potential candidates for liver resection in liver-confined advanced HCC: a Chinese multicenter observational study
    Tingting Bai, Enxin Wang, Shoujie Zhao, Dandan Han, Yan Zhao, Hui Chen, Jun Zhu, Tenghui Han, Yang Bai, Yanju Lou, Yongchao Zhang, Man Yang, Luo Zuo, Jiahao Fan, Xing Chen, Jia Jia, Wenbin Wu, Weirong Ren, Yejing Zhu, Shouzheng Ma, Fenghua Xu, Yuxin Tang,
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Mechanisms of portal vein tumour thrombus formation and development in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
    Zhenli Li, Mingda Zhao, Xingshun Qi, Yufu Tang, Shuqun Cheng
    Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.2023; 27(15): 2103.     CrossRef
  • Endovascular brachytherapy with iodine-125 seed strand for extensive portal vein tumor thrombus in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
    Zhongbao Tan, Daguang Wu, Jinhe Guo, Huanjing Wang, Jian Zhang
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Survival benefit of perioperative locoregional adjuvant treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
    Hao Sun, Bing Ma, Ning Sun, Han Bai, Xuejian Li, Chengshuo Zhang
    Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2023; 189: 104083.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of apatinib and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization as second-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study
    Tao Li, Jingfang Zhao, Shuai Zhang, Hui Wang, Linlin Sun, Jinhua Hu
    Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2023; 19(1): 57.     CrossRef
  • Long-term outcomes of deceased donor liver transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumor thrombus: A multicenter study
    Jiongjie Yu, Li Zhuang, Peng Liu, Zhikun Liu, Sunbin Ling, Yinan Deng, Jianhua Li, Bo Yang, Zhishui Chen, Zhengxin Wang, Yunjin Zang, Yang Yang, Shusen Zheng, Xiao Xu
    European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2022; 48(1): 121.     CrossRef
  • Prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein tumor thrombus treated with combination of transarterial chemoembolization and palliative thermal ablation
    Qunfang Zhou, Yongcheng An, Ting Liu, Zishan Liu, Ruixia Li, Chenmeng Wang, Feng Zhou, Congjuan Liu, Kangshun Zhu
    International Journal of Hyperthermia.2022; 39(1): 97.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy comparison of optimal treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumor thrombus
    Yu Zhang, Jun-Li Wu, Le-Qun Li
    Annals of Hepatology.2022; 27(1): 100552.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and feasibility of surgery and external radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal invasion: A meta-analysis
    Han Ah Lee, Yeon Seok Seo, In-Soo Shin, Won Sup Yoon, Hye Yoon Lee, Chai Hong Rim
    International Journal of Surgery.2022; 104: 106753.     CrossRef
  • An ALBI- and Ascites-Based Model to Predict Survival for BCLC Stage B Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Cheng He, Jing Yang, Zheng Jin, Ying Zhu, Wei Hu, Lingfeng Zeng, Xiaocheng Li, Qing Li
    Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • 2022 KLCA-NCC Korea practice guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma

    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2022; 28(4): 583.     CrossRef
  • 2022 KLCA-NCC Korea Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    Korean Journal of Radiology.2022; 23(12): 1126.     CrossRef
  • Potential Candidates for Liver Resection in Liver-Confined Advanced HCC: A Chinese Multicenter Observational Study
    Tingting Bai, Enxin Wang, Shoujie Zhao, Dandan Han, Yan Zhao, Hui Chen, Jun Zhu, Tenghui Han, Yang Bai, Yanju Lou, Yongchao Zhang, Man Yang, Luo Zuo, Jiahao Fan, Xing Chen, Jia Jia, Wenbin Wu, Weirong Ren, Yejing Zhu, Shouzheng Ma, Fenghua Xu, Yuxin Tang,
    SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein thrombosis: The United States Safety Net and Academic Center Collaborative Analysis
    Emily L. Ryon, Joshua P. Kronenfeld, Rachel M. Lee, Adam Yopp, Annie Wang, Ann Y. Lee, Sommer Luu, Cary Hsu, Eric Silberfein, Maria C. Russell, Neha Goel, Nipun B. Merchant, Jashodeep Datta
    Journal of Surgical Oncology.2021; 123(2): 407.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Liver Transplantation and Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus Type I and Type II
    Jia-Yu Lv, Ning-Ning Zhang, Ya-Wei Du, Ying Wu, Tian-Qiang Song, Ya-Min Zhang, Yan Qu, Yu-Xin Liu, Jie Gu, Ze-Yu Wang, Yi-Bo Qiu, Bing Yang, Da-Zhi Tian, Qing-Jun Guo, Li Zhang, Ji-San Sun, Yan Xie, Zheng-Lu Wang, Xin Sun, Wen-Tao Jiang, Wei Lu
    Yonsei Medical Journal.2021; 62(1): 29.     CrossRef
  • Progress in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Complicated with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus
    佳敏 马
    Advances in Clinical Medicine.2021; 11(12): 6018.     CrossRef
  • Significance of liver resection for intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma according to subclassification
    Masateru Yamamoto, Tsuyoshi Kobayashi, Masakazu Hashimoto, Shintaro Kuroda, Tomokazu Kawaoka, Hiroshi Aikata, Kazuaki Chayama, Hideki Ohdan
    BMC Cancer.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and Safety of Transarterial Chemoembolization in Elderly Patients of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus: A Retrospective Study
    Qinghe Tang, Wei Huang, Jun Liang, Junli Xue
    Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Brachytherapy with Iodine-125 seeds for treatment of portal vein-branch tumor thrombus in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
    Duo Hong, Yi Zhou, Xiaoting Wan, Hongying Su, Haibo Shao
    BMC Cancer.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Could Photodynamic Therapy Be a Promising Therapeutic Modality in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients? A Critical Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies
    Abhishek Kumar, Olivier Moralès, Serge Mordon, Nadira Delhem, Emmanuel Boleslawski
    Cancers.2021; 13(20): 5176.     CrossRef
  • Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy Using Oxaliplatin Plus 5-Fluorouracil Versus Transarterial Chemoembolization/Embolization for the Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Major Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
    Jungang Hu, Quan Bao, Guang Cao, Xu Zhu, Renjie Yang, Xinqiang Ji, Liang Xu, Kanglian Zheng, Weiliang Li, Baocai Xing, Xiaodong Wang
    CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology.2020; 43(7): 996.     CrossRef
  • Sorafenib Treatment has the Potential to Downstage Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma before Liver Resection
    Alessandra Bertacco, Alessandro Vitale, Claudia Mescoli, Umberto Cillo
    Personalized Medicine.2020; 17(2): 83.     CrossRef
  • Resection vs. Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Macroscopic Vascular Invasion: A Real World, Propensity Score Matched Analytic Study
    Jie Mei, Shao-Hua Li, Qiao-Xuan Wang, Liang-He Lu, Yi-Hong Ling, Jing-Wen Zou, Wen-Ping Lin, Yu-Hua Wen, Wei Wei, Rong-Ping Guo
    Frontiers in Oncology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Proposal of a New Risk Score for Patients Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization due to Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Curative Resection: A Multicenter Study
    Mi Young Jeon, Beom Kyung Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Su Jong Yu, Yoon Jun Kim, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Eun Ju Cho, Seung Up Kim
    Gut and Liver.2020; 14(4): 477.     CrossRef
  • Value of surgical resection compared to transarterial chemoembolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: A meta-analysis of hazard ratios from five observational studies
    Keera Kang, Sung Kyu Song, Chul-Woon Chung, Yongkeun Park
    Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery.2020; 24(3): 243.     CrossRef
  • The combination therapy of transarterial chemoembolisation and sorafenib is the preferred palliative treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a meta-analysis
    Zhoujing Cheng, Lin He, Yingjie Guo, Yuhua Song, Shasha Song, Lijiu Zhang
    World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Strategy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma based on liver function and portal vein tumor thrombosis
    Shun Kaneko, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Yutaka Yasui, Kento Inada, Sakura Kirino, Koji Yamashita, Leona Osawa, Yuka Hayakawa, Shuhei Sekiguchi, Mayu Higuchi, Kenta Takaura, Chiaki Maeyashiki, Nobuharu Tamaki, Takaya Takeguchi, Yuko Takeguchi, Takuya Nagano, Hiroyuki
    Hepatology Research.2020; 50(12): 1375.     CrossRef
  • Long-term Survival of a Patient with a Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Main Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis and Spontaneous Tumor Rupture
    Hyung-Woo Lee, Gi-Ae Kim, Chi Hyuk Oh, Jae-Jun Shim, Byung-Ho Kim
    Journal of Liver Cancer.2020; 20(2): 148.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
    Junyi Shi, Ai Shen, Tong Mou, Zhongjun Wu
    Journal of Cancer Therapy.2020; 11(03): 115.     CrossRef
  • Comprehensive treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis
    Jin‐Cheng Wang, An‐Liang Xia, Yong Xu, Xiao‐Jie Lu
    Journal of Cellular Physiology.2019; 234(2): 1062.     CrossRef
  • Extent of portal vein tumour thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: The more, the worse?
    Aline Mähringer‐Kunz, Verena Steinle, Christoph Düber, Arndt Weinmann, Sandra Koch, Irene Schmidtmann, Sebastian Schotten, Jan B. Hinrichs, Dirk Graafen, Daniel Pinto dos Santos, Peter R. Galle, Roman Kloeckner
    Liver International.2019; 39(2): 324.     CrossRef
  • Postoperative Adjuvant Transarterial Chemoembolization Improves Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Associated with Hepatic Vein Invasion: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
    Xiu-Ping Zhang, Yan-Chen Liu, Zhen-Hua Chen, Ju-Xian Sun, Kang Wang, Zong-Tao Chai, Jie Shi, Wei-Xing Guo, Meng-Chao Wu, Wan Yee Lau, Shu-Qun Cheng
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2019; 26(5): 1465.     CrossRef
  • Short-term and long-term outcomes of liver resection for HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombus
    Lei Huo, Wenxin Wei, Zhenlin Yan, Zhengqing Lei, Yanting Xie, Renyan Gong, Shengyu Huang, Ningyang Jia, Yong Xia
    Cell & Bioscience.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • An Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital/Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus Scoring System as an Aid to Decision Making on Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients With Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus
    Xiu‐Ping Zhang, Yu‐Zhen Gao, Zhen‐Hua Chen, Min‐Shan Chen, Le‐Qun Li, Tian‐Fu Wen, Li Xu, Kang Wang, Zong‐Tao Chai, Wei‐Xing Guo, Jie Shi, Dong Xie, Meng‐Chao Wu, Wan Yee Lau, Shu‐Qun Cheng
    Hepatology.2019; 69(5): 2076.     CrossRef
  • Treatment Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Multidisciplinary Approach
    Isabella Lurje, Zoltan Czigany, Jan Bednarsch, Christoph Roderburg, Peter Isfort, Ulf Peter Neumann, Georg Lurje
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2019; 20(6): 1465.     CrossRef
  • Refractoriness to transarterial chemoembolization in patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection
    Mi Young Jeon, Hye Soo Kim, Tae Seop Lim, Dai Hoon Han, Beom Kyung Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Gi Hong Choi, Jin Sub Choi, Kwang-Hyub Han, Seung Up Kim, Gianfranco D. Alpini
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(4): e0214613.     CrossRef
  • 2018 Korean Liver Cancer Association–National Cancer Center Korea Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    KLCA Korean Liver Cancer Association, NCC National Cancer Center
    Gut and Liver.2019; 13(3): 227.     CrossRef
  • 2018 Korean Liver Cancer Association–National Cancer Center Korea Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    Korean Journal of Radiology.2019; 20(7): 1042.     CrossRef
  • Apatinib Combined With Transarterial Chemoembolization in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
    Wenzhe Fan, Guosheng Yuan, Huishuang Fan, Fuliang Li, Yanqin Wu, Yue Zhao, Wang Yao, Yu Wang, Miao Xue, Jianyong Yang, Jiaping Li
    Clinical Therapeutics.2019; 41(8): 1463.     CrossRef
  • Texture analysis of multi-phase MRI images to detect expression of Ki67 in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Y. Li, C. Yan, S. Weng, Z. Shi, H. Sun, J. Chen, X. Xu, R. Ye, J. Hong
    Clinical Radiology.2019; 74(10): 813.e19.     CrossRef
  • A Proposal for Modification of the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging System Considering the Prognostic Implication of Performance Status
    Hyo Jung Cho, Soon Sun Kim, So Young Kang, Min Jae Yang, Choong Kyun Noh, Jae Chul Hwang, Sun Gyo Lim, Sung Jae Shin, Kee Myung Lee, Byung Moo Yoo, Kwang Jae Lee, Jin Hong Kim, Sung Won Cho, Jae Youn Cheong
    Gut and Liver.2019; 13(5): 557.     CrossRef
  • Resection might be a meaningful choice for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis
    Zun-Yi Zhang, Ke-Shuai Dong, Er-Lei Zhang, Li-Wei Zhang, Xiao-Ping Chen, Han-Hua Dong
    Medicine.2019; 98(50): e18362.     CrossRef
  • The role of liver resection in the management of intermediate and advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma. A systematic review
    G.K. Glantzounis, A. Paliouras, M.-C. Stylianidi, H. Milionis, P. Tzimas, D. Roukos, G. Pentheroudakis, E. Felekouras
    European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2018; 44(2): 195.     CrossRef
  • Intra-arterial ethanol embolization augments response to TACE for treatment of HCC with portal venous tumor thrombus
    Biao Yang, Chun-Lin Li, Wen-hao Guo, Tian-qiang Qin, He Jiao, Ze-jun Fei, Xuan Zhou, Lin-jia Duan, Zheng-yin Liao
    BMC Cancer.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Can More Aggressive Treatment Improve Prognosis in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma? A Direct Comparison of the Hong Kong Liver Cancer and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Algorithms
    Young-Sun Lee, Yeon Seok Seo, Ji Hoon Kim, Juneyoung Lee, Hae Rim Kim, Yang Jae Yoo, Tae Suk Kim, Seong Hee Kang, Sang Jun Suh, Moon Kyung Joo, Young Kul Jung, Beom Jae Lee, Hyung Joon Yim, Jong Eun Yeon, Jae Seon Kim, Jong-Jae Park, Soon Ho Um, Young-Tae
    Gut and Liver.2018; 12(1): 94.     CrossRef
  • Chemoembolization related to good survival for selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma invading segmental portal vein
    Jin Hyoung Kim, Ju Hyun Shim, Hyun‐Ki Yoon, Heung‐Kyu Ko, Jong Woo Kim, Dong Il Gwon
    Liver International.2018; 38(9): 1646.     CrossRef
  • Effects of transarterial chemoembolization combined with antiviral therapy on HBV reactivation and liver function in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients with HBV-DNA negative
    Kai Wang, Guomin Jiang, Zhongzhi Jia, Xiaoli Zhu, Caifang Ni
    Medicine.2018; 97(22): e10940.     CrossRef
  • Hepatic resection compared to chemoembolization in intermediate‐ to advanced‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta‐analysis of high‐quality studies
    Myung Han Hyun, Young‐Sun Lee, Ji Hoon Kim, Chan Uk Lee, Young Kul Jung, Yeon Seok Seo, Hyung Joon Yim, Jong Eun Yeon, Kwan Soo Byun
    Hepatology.2018; 68(3): 977.     CrossRef
  • A systematic review comparing outcomes of surgical resection and non-surgical treatments for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein tumor thrombus
    Lei Liang, Ting-Hao Chen, Chao Li, Hao Xing, Jun Han, Ming-Da Wang, Han Zhang, Wan Yee Lau, Meng-Chao Wu, Feng Shen, Tian Yang
    HPB.2018; 20(12): 1119.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy and hepatic resection in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus
    Fang Su, Kai‐Hua Chen, Zhong‐Guo Liang, Chun‐Hua Wu, Ling Li, Song Qu, Long Chen, Xiao‐Dong Zhu, Jian‐Hong Zhong, Le‐Qun Li, Bang‐De Xiang
    Cancer Medicine.2018; 7(9): 4387.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic importance of bile duct invasion in surgical resection with curative intent for hepatocellular carcinoma using PSM analysis
    Xinwei Yang, Zhiquan Qiu, Rongzhen Ran, Longjiu Cui, Xiangji Luo, Mengchao Wu, Wei‑Feng Tan, Xiaoqing Jiang
    Oncology Letters.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of Korean Red Ginseng in chronic liver disease
    Tae Young Park, Meegun Hong, Hotaik Sung, Sangyeol Kim, Ki Tae Suk
    Journal of Ginseng Research.2017; 41(4): 450.     CrossRef
  • Huge hepatocellular carcinoma greater than 10 cm in diameter worsens prognosis by causing distant recurrence after curative resection
    Kenji Wakayama, Toshiya Kamiyama, Hideki Yokoo, Tatsuya Orimo, Shingo Shimada, Takahiro Einama, Hirofumi Kamachi, Akinobu Taketomi
    Journal of Surgical Oncology.2017; 115(3): 324.     CrossRef
  • Increased ERp57 Expression in HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Possible Correlation and Prognosis
    Miao Liu, Lingyao Du, Zhiliang He, Libo Yan, Ying Shi, Jin Shang, Hong Tang
    BioMed Research International.2017; 2017: 1.     CrossRef
  • Sorafenib vs surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma with macrovascular invasion: A propensity score analysis
    Charlotte E. Costentin, Thomas Decaens, Alexis Laurent, Jean‐Charles Nault, Bernard Paule, Christian Letoublon, Alain Luciani, Julien Calderaro, René Adam, Ivan Bricault, Giuliana Amaddeo, Daniel Cherqui, Ariane Mallat, Didier Samuel, Christophe Duvoux, N
    Liver International.2017; 37(12): 1869.     CrossRef
  • Survival Estimates after Stopping Sorafenib in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: NEXT Score Development and Validation
    Hye Won Lee, Hyun Soo Kim, Seung Up Kim, Do Young Kim, Beom Kyung Kim, Jun Yong Park, Sang Hoon Ahn, Mi Young Jeon, Ja Yoon Heo, Soo Young Park, Yu Rim Lee, Sun Kyung Jang, Su Hyun Lee, Se Young Jang, Won Young Tak, Kwang-Hyub Han
    Gut and Liver.2017; 11(5): 693.     CrossRef
  • Survival benefit of hepatic resection versus transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Xiu-Ping Zhang, Kang Wang, Nan Li, Cheng-Qian Zhong, Xu-Biao Wei, Yu-Qiang Cheng, Yu-Zhen Gao, Han Wang, Shu-Qun Cheng
    BMC Cancer.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of apatinib combined with transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal venous tumor thrombus: a retrospective study
    Changfu Liu, Wenge Xing, Tongguo Si, Haipeng Yu, Zhi Guo
    Oncotarget.2017; 8(59): 100734.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of treatment outcome between living donor liver transplantation and sorafenib for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma beyond the Milan criteria
    Yuri Cho, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Dong Hyeon Lee, Eun Ju Cho, Su Jong Yu, Nam-Joon Yi, Kwang-Woong Lee, Yoon Jun Kim, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Kyung-Suk Suh
    Oncotarget.2017; 8(29): 47555.     CrossRef
  • Sorafenib improves lipiodol deposition in transarterial chemoembolization of Chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a long-term, retrospective study
    Lin Zheng, Chen-Yang Guo, Cheng-Shi Chen, Jin-Cheng Xiao, Hong-Tao Hu, Hong-Tao Cheng, Deng-Wei Zong, Li Jiang, Hai-Liang Li
    Oncotarget.2017; 8(57): 97613.     CrossRef
  • Radioembolization Is a Safe and Effective Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Propensity Score Analysis
    Young Youn Cho, Minjong Lee, Hyo-Cheol Kim, Jin Wook Chung, Yun Hwan Kim, Geum-Youn Gwak, Si Hyun Bae, Do Young Kim, Jeong Heo, Yoon Jun Kim, Matias A Avila
    PLOS ONE.2016; 11(5): e0154986.     CrossRef
  • Complete response with sorafenib and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
    Michitoshi Takano, Takashi Kokudo, Yoshihiro Miyazaki, Yumiko Kageyama, Amane Takahashi, Katsumi Amikura, Hirohiko Sakamoto
    World Journal of Gastroenterology.2016; 22(42): 9445.     CrossRef
  • 16,060 View
  • 207 Download
  • 93 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Review

Hepatic neoplasm

New perspectives on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis
Hyun Young Woo, Jeong Heo
Clin Mol Hepatol 2015;21(2):115-121.
Published online June 26, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2015.21.2.115

Despite advances in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), managing HCC with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) remains challenging. PVT is present in 10-40% of HCC cases at the time of diagnosis and its therapeutic options are very limited. Current guidelines mainly recommend sorafenib for advanced HCC with PVT, but surgery, transarterial chemoemolization, external radiation therapy, radioembolization, transarterial infusion chemotherapy, and combination therapy are also still used. Furthermore, several new emerging therapies such as the administration of immunotherapeutic agents and oncolytic viruses are under investigation. This comprehensive literature review presents current and future management options with their relative advantages and disadvantages and summary data on overall survival.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Imaging tumor thrombus across malignancies: current concepts and the expanding role of PET/computed tomography
    Srinivas Ananth Kumar, Sanchay Jain, Harish Goyal, Dhanapathi Halanaik
    Nuclear Medicine Communications.2026; 47(3): 267.     CrossRef
  • Advances in the Therapeutic Landscape of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Strategies and Future Perspectives
    Asahiro Morishita, Kyoko Oura, Hiroki Tai, Rie Yano, Mai Nakahara, Tomoko Tadokoro, Koji Fujita, Shima Mimura, Joji Tani, Miwa Tatsuta, Takashi Himoto, Hideki Kobara
    Cancers.2026; 18(4): 609.     CrossRef
  • Management of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: Risks, treatments, and outcomes of a retrospective multicenter study with over 10 years of follow-up
    Ting Jiang, Xue-ping Cui, Yue-shan Yin, Dan-qing Xu, Ju-yan Chen, Li-hong Yang, Hong-tao Lei, Yuan-xi Jian, Ben Niu, Jin-hui Yang
    Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology.2026; 50(8): 102902.     CrossRef
  • Update on Application of Oncolytic Virus‐Based Combination Therapy in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Mariam Ayad Abd, Mohammed Asiri, Shahd Rajab Farhan, Gaurav Sanghvi, Rangaswamy Roopashree, Aditya Kashyap, D. Alex Anand, Rajashree Panigrahi, Yasser Fakri Mustafa, Baneen C. Gabaal
    Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative efficacy and safety of multimodality treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: patient-level network meta-analysis
    John Hang Leung, Shyh-Yau Wang, Henry W. C. Leung, Agnes L. F. Chan
    Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comments on Comparison of Sorafenib versus Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy-Based Treatment for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis: Reply
    Hyung Joon Yim, Young Eun Ahn, Tae Hyung Kim, Young Kul Jung
    Gut and Liver.2023; 17(2): 341.     CrossRef
  • A multicenter prospective study of TACE combined with lenvatinib and camrelizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus
    Xiaomi Li, Xiaoyan Ding, Mei Liu, Jingyan Wang, Wei Sun, Ying Teng, Yawen Xu, Hongxiao Wu, Wendong Li, Lin Zhou, Jinglong Chen
    Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(16): 16805.     CrossRef
  • Breaking down tumor thrombus: Current strategies for medical management
    Harsha Tathireddy, Douglas Rice, Kylee Martens, Sudeep Shivakumar, Joseph Shatzel
    Thrombosis Research.2023; 230: 144.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein thrombosis: A real world experience
    Fei‐Pang Kuo, Tzu‐Hsuan Cheng, Yu‐Ming Cheng, Chao‐Chuan Wu, Chia‐Chi Wang
    Advances in Digestive Medicine.2022; 9(3): 168.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of endovascular brachytherapy combined with transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with type III or IV portal vein tumor thrombosis
    Ling Li, Niangmei Cheng, Xinhui Huang, Xiadi Weng, Yubin Jiao, Jingfeng Liu, Wuhua Guo
    World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of stereotactic body radiotherapy for portal vein tumor thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and underlying chronic liver disease
    Hoon Sik Choi, Ki Mun Kang, Bae Kwon Jeong, Hojin Jeong, Yun Hee Lee, In Bong Ha, Jin Ho Song
    Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology.2021; 17(3): 209.     CrossRef
  • Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis: a case–control study
    A.H.K. Abdelmaksoud, A.O. Abdelaziz, M.M. Nabeel, I. Hamza, T.M. Elbaz, H.I. Shousha, R.S.M. Abdelhady, R. Lithy
    Clinical Radiology.2021; 76(9): 709.e1.     CrossRef
  • Yttrium-90 Radioembolization Is Associated with Better Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Compared with Conventional Chemoembolization: A Propensity Score-Matched Study
    Minseok Albert Kim, Heejoon Jang, Na Ryung Choi, Joon Yeul Nam, Yun Bin Lee, Eun Ju Cho, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Su Jong Yu, Hyo-Cheol Kim, Jin Wook Chung, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Yoon Jun Kim
    Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.2021; Volume 8: 1565.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Sorafenib versus Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy-Based Treatment for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
    Young Eun Ahn, Sang Jun Suh, Hyung Joon Yim, Yeon Seok Seo, Eileen L. Yoon, Tae Hyung Kim, Young Sun Lee, Sun Young Yim, Hae Rim Kim, Seong Hee Kang, Young Kul Jung, Ji Hoon Kim, Jong Eun Yeon, Soon Ho Um, Kwan Soo Byun
    Gut and Liver.2021; 15(2): 284.     CrossRef
  • Ablative Transarterial Radioembolization Improves Survival in Patients with HCC and Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus
    Leandro Cardarelli-Leite, John Chung, Darren Klass, Vladimir Marquez, Frank Chou, Stephen Ho, Henry Walton, Howard Lim, Peter Tae Wan Kim, Anastasia Hadjivassiliou, David M. Liu
    CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology.2020; 43(3): 411.     CrossRef
  • Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis of the Clinical Value and Biological Function of ATAD2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Xiangyu Meng, Lu Wang, Bo Zhu, Jun Zhang, Shuai Guo, Qiang Li, Tao Zhang, Zhichao Zheng, Gang Wu, Yan Zhao, Kazim Husain
    BioMed Research International.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with or without a Combination of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors on Organ-Specific Efficacy and Macrovascular Invasion in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Hsin-Yu Kuo, Nai-Jung Chiang, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Chiung-Yu Chen, I-Chin Wu, Ting-Tsung Chang, Hong-Ming Tsai, Yih-Jyh Lin
    Oncology Research and Treatment.2020; 43(5): 211.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of early treatment response to radiotherapy for HCC using pre- and post-treatment MRI
    So Hee Song, Woo Kyoung Jeong, Dongil Choi, Young Kon Kim, Hee Chul Park, Jeong Il Yu
    Acta Radiologica.2019; 60(7): 826.     CrossRef
  • Therapeutics for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Recent advances, current dilemma, and future directions
    Jing Zhu, Tailang Yin, Yong Xu, Xiao‐Jie Lu
    Journal of Cellular Physiology.2019; 234(8): 12122.     CrossRef
  • Distinguishing Tumor From Bland Portal Vein Thrombus in Liver Transplant Candidates With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: the A‐VENA Criteria
    Courtney B. Sherman, Spencer Behr, Jennifer L. Dodge, John P. Roberts, Francis Y. Yao, Neil Mehta
    Liver Transplantation.2019; 25(2): 207.     CrossRef
  • A Proposal for Modification of the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging System Considering the Prognostic Implication of Performance Status
    Hyo Jung Cho, Soon Sun Kim, So Young Kang, Min Jae Yang, Choong Kyun Noh, Jae Chul Hwang, Sun Gyo Lim, Sung Jae Shin, Kee Myung Lee, Byung Moo Yoo, Kwang Jae Lee, Jin Hong Kim, Sung Won Cho, Jae Youn Cheong
    Gut and Liver.2019; 13(5): 557.     CrossRef
  • Plasma MicroRNA-21, 26a, and 29a-3p as Predictive Markers for Treatment Response Following Transarterial Chemoembolization in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Soon Sun Kim, Hyo Jung Cho, Ji Sun Nam, Hyun Ji Kim, Dae Ryong Kang, Je Hwan Won, Jinoo Kim, Jai Keun Kim, Jei Hee Lee, Bo Hyun Kim, Mi Young Lee, Sung Won Cho, Jae Youn Cheong
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Sorafenib plus low-dose cisplatin and fluorouracil hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy versus sorafenib alone in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (SILIUS): a randomised, open label, phase 3 trial
    Masatoshi Kudo, Kazuomi Ueshima, Osamu Yokosuka, Sadahisa Ogasawara, Shuntaro Obi, Namiki Izumi, Hiroshi Aikata, Hiroaki Nagano, Etsuro Hatano, Yutaka Sasaki, Keisuke Hino, Takashi Kumada, Kazuhide Yamamoto, Yasuharu Imai, Shouta Iwadou, Chikara Ogawa, Ta
    The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2018; 3(6): 424.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy and hepatic resection in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus
    Fang Su, Kai‐Hua Chen, Zhong‐Guo Liang, Chun‐Hua Wu, Ling Li, Song Qu, Long Chen, Xiao‐Dong Zhu, Jian‐Hong Zhong, Le‐Qun Li, Bang‐De Xiang
    Cancer Medicine.2018; 7(9): 4387.     CrossRef
  • Radiotherapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombosis in a hepatitis B endemic area
    Jung Ho Im, Sang Min Yoon, Hee Chul Park, Jong Hoon Kim, Jeong Il Yu, Tae Hyun Kim, Jun Won Kim, Taek‐Keun Nam, Kyubo Kim, Hong Seok Jang, Jin Hee Kim, Mi‐Sook Kim, Won Sup Yoon, Inkyung Jung, Jinsil Seong
    Liver International.2017; 37(1): 90.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic Value of FDG Uptake of Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis in Patients With Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Jeong Won Lee, Sang Hyun Hwang, Do Young Kim, Kwang-Hyub Han, Mijin Yun
    Clinical Nuclear Medicine.2017; 42(1): e35.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
    Hongyuan Liang, Peng Cui, Qiyong Guo, Xiaonan Mao, Feng Wen, Wei Sun, Ming Shan, Zaiming Lu
    Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Plasma micoRNA‐122 as a predictive marker for treatment response following transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
    Soon Sun Kim, Ji Sun Nam, Hyo Jung Cho, Je Hwan Won, Jin Woo Kim, Jae‐Hoon Ji, Min Jae Yang, Joo Han Park, Choong‐Kyun Noh, Sung Jae Shin, Kee Myung Lee, Sung Won Cho, Jae Youn Cheong
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2017; 32(1): 199.     CrossRef
  • High-biologically effective dose palliative radiotherapy for a tumor thrombus might improve the long-term prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study
    Xiang-quan Kong, Ya-ping Dong, Jun-xin Wu, Jun-yan He, Yu-yin Le, Kai-xin Du, Qing-qin Peng, Jin-luan Li
    Radiation Oncology.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of sorafenib in Chinese unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients with prior surgery and portal vein tumor thrombosis: A subset analysis of GIDEON study data
    Sheng-Long Ye, Xiaoping Chen, Jiamei Yang, Ping Bie, Shuijun Zhang, Fengyong Liu, Luming Liu, Jie Zhou, Kefeng Dou, Christina SM Yip, Xiaolei Yang
    Tumor Biology.2017; 39(3): 101042831769503.     CrossRef
  • A comparative study of sorafenib and metronomic chemotherapy for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer-stage C hepatocellular carcinoma with poor liver function
    Hyun Yang, Hyun Young Woo, Soon Kyu Lee, Ji Won Han, Bohyun Jang, Hee Chul Nam, Hae Lim Lee, Sung Won Lee, Do Seon Song, Myeong Jun Song, Jung Suk Oh, Ho Jong Chun, Jeong Won Jang, Angelo Lozada, Si Hyun Bae, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2017; 23(2): 128.     CrossRef
  • Down-regulation of metabolic proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis
    Wei-Chen Lee, Hong-Shiue Chou, Ting-Jung Wu, Chen-Fang Lee, Pao-Yueh Hsu, Hsiu-Ying Hsu, Tsung-Han Wu, Kun-Ming Chan
    Clinical Proteomics.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Survival Estimates after Stopping Sorafenib in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: NEXT Score Development and Validation
    Hye Won Lee, Hyun Soo Kim, Seung Up Kim, Do Young Kim, Beom Kyung Kim, Jun Yong Park, Sang Hoon Ahn, Mi Young Jeon, Ja Yoon Heo, Soo Young Park, Yu Rim Lee, Sun Kyung Jang, Su Hyun Lee, Se Young Jang, Won Young Tak, Kwang-Hyub Han
    Gut and Liver.2017; 11(5): 693.     CrossRef
  • Impairment of oxidative phosphorylation increases the toxicity of SYD-1 on hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2)
    Anna Paula Brandt, Gustavo Jabor Gozzi, Amanda do Rocio Andrade Pires, Glaucia Regina Martinez, André Vinícius dos Santos Canuto, Aurea Echevarria, Attilio Di Pietro, Sílvia Maria Suter Correia Cadena
    Chemico-Biological Interactions.2016; 256: 154.     CrossRef
  • Radioembolization Is a Safe and Effective Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Propensity Score Analysis
    Young Youn Cho, Minjong Lee, Hyo-Cheol Kim, Jin Wook Chung, Yun Hwan Kim, Geum-Youn Gwak, Si Hyun Bae, Do Young Kim, Jeong Heo, Yoon Jun Kim, Matias A Avila
    PLOS ONE.2016; 11(5): e0154986.     CrossRef
  • 16,768 View
  • 164 Download
  • 45 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Article

Liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension

Safety, efficacy, and response predictors of anticoagulation for the treatment of nonmalignant portal-vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis: a propensity score matching analysis
Jung Wha Chung, Gi Hyun Kim, Jong Ho Lee, Kyeong Sam Ok, Eun Sun Jang, Sook-Hyang Jeong, Jin-Wook Kim
Clin Mol Hepatol 2014;20(4):384-391.
Published online December 24, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2014.20.4.384
Background/Aims

Portal-vein thrombosis (PVT) develops in 10-25% of cirrhotic patients and may aggravate portal hypertension. There are few data regarding the effects of anticoagulation on nonmalignant PVT in liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the safety, efficacy, and predictors of response to anticoagulation therapy in cirrhotic patients.

Methods

Patients with liver cirrhosis and nonmalignant PVT were identified by a hospital electronic medical record system (called BESTCARE). Patients with malignant PVT, Budd-Chiari syndrome, underlying primary hematologic disorders, or preexisting extrahepatic thrombosis were excluded from the analysis. Patients were divided into two groups (treatment and nontreatment), and propensity score matching analysis was performed to identify control patients. The sizes of the thrombus and spleen were evaluated using multidetector computed tomography.

Results

Twenty-eight patients were enrolled in this study between 2003 and 2014: 14 patients who received warfarin for nonmalignant PVT and 14 patients who received no anticoagulation. After 112 days of treatment, 11 patients exhibited significantly higher response rates (complete in 6 and partial in 5) compared to the control patients, with decreases in thrombus size of >30%. Compared to nonresponders, the 11 responders were older, and had a thinner spleen and fewer episodes of previous endoscopic variceal ligations, whereas pretreatment liver function and changes in prothrombin time after anticoagulation did not differ significantly between the two groups. Two patients died after warfarin therapy, but the causes of death were not related to anticoagulation.

Conclusions

Warfarin can be safely administered to cirrhotic patients with nonmalignant PVT. The presence of preexisting portal hypertension is a predictor of nonresponse to anticoagulation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Splanchnic vein thrombosis: management for the thrombosis specialist
    Kevin J. Barnum, Rushad Patell, Jonathan Berry, Kenneth A. Bauer
    Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis.2025; 23(2): 404.     CrossRef
  • Management of portal vein thrombosis in candidates for liver transplant
    Fanny Turon, Sarah Shalaby, Juan Carlos García-Pagán, Virginia Hernández-Gea
    Liver Transplantation.2025; 31(12): 1545.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of anticoagulation in asymptomatic cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Qingping Wu, Xingfen Zhang, Anyi Xu, Sidong Zhu, Xiaoming Zhang, Qi Wu, Shengying Zhang
    Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2025; 60(2): 197.     CrossRef
  • Administration of anticoagulation strategies for portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: network meta-analysis
    Hui-Jun Li, Fu-Qiang Yin, Yu-Tong Ma, Teng-Yu Gao, Yu-Ting Tao, Xin Liu, Xian-Feng Shen, Chao Zhang
    Frontiers in Pharmacology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The risk factors of liver cirrhosis complicated with portal vein thrombosis and the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy: a meta analysis
    Le Zhang, Xia Wang, Pu Ming, Li-Na Ma, Wanlong Ma, Xiang-Chun Ding
    Thrombosis Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Pharmacologic Management of Anticoagulation in Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis: A Review of Dosing and Monitoring Strategies
    Diane N. Gutgsell, Randolph E. Regal
    Therapeutics.2025; 2(2): 8.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and Safety of Anticoagulants in Patients With Cirrhosis and Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized and Non‐Randomized Studies
    Muhammad Hassan Waseem, Zain ul Abideen, Marium Khan, Barka Sajid, Noor Ul Huda Ramzan, Rabeya Farid, Javed Iqbal, Jalib Ahmed, Aqsa Kabir, Maryam Shahzad, Javeria Asif, Muhammad Osama, Sania Aimen, Ammad Javaid Chaudhary, Ameer Haider Cheema
    JGH Open.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Oral anticoagulation therapy in the setting of liver disease
    Thomas Salmon, Gregory Y. H. Lip
    Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy.2025; 26(16): 1665.     CrossRef
  • Long-term patency of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis
    Junyang Luo, Churen Zhou, Yanyang Zhang, Haofan Wang, Caiyun Lu, Jialin Wu, Jie Qin, Zaibo Jiang, Junwei Chen
    Thrombosis Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Various Anticoagulation Regimens for Portal Venous Thrombosis in Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
    Zain ul Abideen, Muhammad Hassan Waseem, Noor Ul Huda Ramzan, Hamna Raheel, Fariha Hasan, Pawan Kumar Thada, Prasun K. Jalal
    Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Preventing variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
    Junyuan Zhu, Yifu Xia, Xiao Liu, Chunqing Zhang
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2024; 39(4): 642.     CrossRef
  • Variations in Practice Among Cirrhotic Patients With Portal Vein Thrombosis and Esophageal Varices: A North American Survey Study
    Brandon G. Mui, Lauren T. Grinspan, James F. Crismale
    American Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 119(4): 774.     CrossRef
  • Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Cirrhosis
    Peter L. Wang, Vijay Ramalingam, Lauren M. Yang
    Current Hepatology Reports.2024; 23(1): 64.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of factors related to recanalization of portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: a retrospective cohort study
    Yali Shi, Wanlin Feng, Jiaman Cai, Zhonglin Wang, Ying Pu, Weiting Mao, Ke Zhan, Daorong Chen
    BMC Gastroenterology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Classification and Management of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhotic Patients: A Narrative Review
    Abdulwahed A Alotay
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Review article: the safety of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in patients with cirrhosis
    Jiayi Ma, Naga P. Chalasani, Linus Schwantes‐An, Einar Stefán Björnsson
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2023; 57(1): 52.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of endovascular treatment for completely occlusive acute–subacute portal and mesenteric vein thrombosis with severe complications in patients without cirrhosis
    Hidemasa Saito, Fumie Sugihara, Tatsuo Ueda, Hiromitsu Hayashi, Sayaka Shirai, Taiga Matsumoto, Ryutaro Fujitsuna, Shin-ichiro Kumita
    Japanese Journal of Radiology.2023; 41(5): 541.     CrossRef
  • Development and external validation of prognostic scoring models for portal vein thrombosis: a multicenter retrospective study
    Xuan Zhong, Shan Li, Jiali Hu, Jinlai Lu, Wei Wang, Miao Hu, Qinjuan Sun, Shuo Zhang, Xiaoqing Yang, Changqing Yang, Lan Zhong
    Thrombosis Journal.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Oral Anticoagulation in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease
    Raluca S. Costache, Andreea S. Dragomirică, Bogdan E. Gheorghe, Vasile D. Balaban, Silviu M. Stanciu, Mariana Jinga, Daniel O. Costache
    Medicina.2023; 59(2): 346.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulation for the Treatment of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies
    Calvin Yao, Matthew Zhao, Brittney Ibrahim, Sammy Saab
    Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology.2023; 13(3): 404.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulation improves survival in patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis: The IMPORTAL competing-risk meta-analysis
    Antonio Guerrero, Laura del Campo, Fabio Piscaglia, Bernhard Scheiner, Guohong Han, Francesco Violi, Carlos-Noronha Ferreira, Luis Téllez, Thomas Reiberger, Stefania Basili, Javier Zamora, Agustín Albillos, Dominique Valla, Francois Durand, Tomás Artaza,
    Journal of Hepatology.2023; 79(1): 69.     CrossRef
  • Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: A literature review
    Swathi Prakash, Jared Bies, Mariam Hassan, Adriana Mares, S. Claudia Didia
    Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative Efficacy of Anticoagulant Medications in Nonmalignant Portal Vein Thrombosis in Liver Cirrhosis—A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
    Sami Ghazaleh, Justin Chuang, Wasef Sayeh, Amna Iqbal, Azizullah Beran, Yasmin Khader, Cameron Burmeister, Muhammad Aziz, Ragheb Assaly, Ali Nawras
    American Journal of Therapeutics.2023; 30(6): e591.     CrossRef
  • Natural history of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
    Suprabhat Giri, Ankita Singh, Kailash Kolhe, Aditya Kale, Akash Shukla
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2023; 38(10): 1710.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Portal Vein Thrombosis
    Jun-young Seo, Se Hwa Kim, Yang Jae Yoo, Ah Young Lee, Sang Jong Park
    The Korean Journal of Medicine.2023; 98(4): 162.     CrossRef
  • Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis
    Lucia Giuli, Maria Pallozzi, Giulia Venturini, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Francesco Santopaolo
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(16): 12754.     CrossRef
  • Direct Oral Anticoagulants versus Vitamin K Antagonists in Cirrhotic Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Update of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Tong Hu, Yi-Han Li, Wen-Qiang Han, Kellina Maduray, Tong-Shuai Chen, Li Hao, Jing-Quan Zhong
    American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs.2023; 23(6): 683.     CrossRef
  • Absence of large portal collateral vessels is associated with spontaneous improvement of cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis
    Shinya Yokoyama, Yoji Ishizu, Takashi Honda, Norihiro Imai, Takanori Ito, Kenta Yamamoto, Tomoyuki Tsuzuki, Masatoshi Ishigami
    Hepatology Research.2022; 52(2): 199.     CrossRef
  • Cirrhosis and Coagulopathy: Mechanisms of Hemostasis Changes in Liver Failure and Their Management
    Rabia Islam, Sumana Kundu, Surajkumar B Jha, Ana P Rivera, Gabriela Vanessa Flores Monar, Hamza Islam, Sri Madhurima Puttagunta, Ibrahim Sange
    Cureus.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Haemostatic alterations and management of haemostasis in patients with cirrhosis
    Ton Lisman, Stephen H. Caldwell, Nicolas M. Intagliata
    Journal of Hepatology.2022; 76(6): 1291.     CrossRef
  • The Efficacy and Safety of Anticoagulants in the Treatment of Cirrhotic Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Zhiqi Zhang, Ying Zhao, Baofeng Han, Zhijun Zhu, Liying Sun, Xiangli Cui
    Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Portal Vein Thrombosis in the Setting of Cirrhosis: A Comprehensive Review
    Aitor Odriozola, Ángela Puente, Antonio Cuadrado, Coral Rivas, Ángela Anton, Francisco José González, Raúl Pellón, Emilio Fábrega, Javier Crespo, José Ignacio Fortea
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(21): 6435.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulation Favors Thrombus Recanalization and Survival in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis and Portal Vein Thrombosis: Results of a Meta-Analysis
    Le Wang, Xiaozhong Guo, Xiangbo Xu, Valerio De Stefano, Aurelie Plessier, Carlos Noronha Ferreira, Xingshun Qi
    Advances in Therapy.2021; 38(1): 495.     CrossRef
  • Dabigatran Reversal With Idarucizumab in 2 Patients With Portal Vein Thrombosis Undergoing Orthotopic Liver Transplantation
    Cynthia Williams, Erin Stewart, Kendra D. Conzen, Scott Wolf, Timothy T. Tran
    Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia.2021; 25(3): 200.     CrossRef
  • Trombosis venosa portal extrahepática, manejo quirúrgico con derivación meso-Rex. Serie de 3 casos
    Cesar Eduardo Jiménez Jiménez, Leonardo Randial Tagliapetra , Iván Enrique Silva Restrepo, Manuel Augusto Hossman-Galindo, Mario Bravo, Osiris Moreno Beltrán
    Revista Colombiana de Cirugía .2021; 36(1): 98.     CrossRef
  • Vascular Liver Disorders, Portal Vein Thrombosis, and Procedural Bleeding in Patients With Liver Disease: 2020 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
    Patrick G. Northup, Juan Carlos Garcia‐Pagan, Guadalupe Garcia‐Tsao, Nicolas M. Intagliata, Riccardo A. Superina, Lara N. Roberts, Ton Lisman, Dominique C. Valla
    Hepatology.2021; 73(1): 366.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulant Treatment for Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis in Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Emanuele Valeriani, Marcello Di Nisio, Nicoletta Riva, Omri Cohen, Ettore Porreca, Marco Senzolo, Andrea De Gottardi, Marta Magaz, Juan-Carlos Garcia-Pagan, Walter Ageno
    Thrombosis and Haemostasis.2021; 121(07): 867.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulation and Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt for the Management of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis: A Prospective Observational Study
    Yong Lv, Wei Bai, Kai Li, Zhengyu Wang, Wengang Guo, Bohan Luo, Jianhong Wang, Qiuhe Wang, Enxin Wang, Dongdong Xia, Xiaomei Li, Jie Yuan, Na Han, Jing Niu, Zhanxin Yin, Daiming Fan, Guohong Han
    American Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 116(7): 1447.     CrossRef
  • Safety and Efficacy of Anticoagulation in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Meta‐Analysis
    Huan Chen, Jiaming Lei, Sicheng Liang, Gang Luo, Mingming Deng, Muhan Lü, Quirino Lai
    Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of anticoagulants in liver cirrhosis patients with portal vein thrombosis: A meta-analysis
    Yanying Gao, Hua Liu, Fei Tang, Xu Zhang, Fenghui Li, Qing Ye, Haixia Yuan, Hongmin Lv, Tao Han
    Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology.2021; 45(2): 101649.     CrossRef
  • Management of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis
    Matthew J. Stotts, Brian J. Wentworth, Patrick G. Northup
    Seminars in Liver Disease.2021; 41(01): 079.     CrossRef
  • A network meta-analysis of direct oral anticoagulants for portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis
    Cheng Han Ng, Darren Jun Hao Tan, Kameswara Rishi Yeshayahu Nistala, Nicholas Syn, Jieling Xiao, Eunice Xiang Xuan Tan, Felicia Zuying Woo, Nicholas W. S. Chew, Daniel Q. Huang, Yock Young Dan, Arun J. Sanyal, Mark D. Muthiah
    Hepatology International.2021; 15(5): 1196.     CrossRef
  • Evolution of Nonmalignant Portal Vein Thrombosis in Liver Cirrhosis: A Pictorial Review
    Shixue Xu, Xiaozhong Guo, Benqiang Yang, Fernando Gomes Romeiro, Massimo Primignani, Nahum Méndez-Sánchez, Eric M. Yoshida, Andrea Mancuso, Frank Tacke, Carlos Noronha Ferreira, Valerio De Stefano, Xingshun Qi
    Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2021; 12(10): e00409.     CrossRef
  • Current knowledge and management of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis
    Marco Senzolo, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Juan Carlos García-Pagán
    Journal of Hepatology.2021; 75(2): 442.     CrossRef
  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of anticoagulation therapy for portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis: to treat or not to treat?
    Shujie Dong, Huihong Qi, Yan Li, Peng Men, Maiwujudan Alifu, Yatong Zhang, Yongjun Li, Rongsheng Zhao
    Hepatology International.2021; 15(6): 1356.     CrossRef
  • Non‐malignant portal vein thrombosis in a cohort of cirrhotic patients: Incidence and risk factors
    Marta Lopez‐Gomez, Elba Llop, Angela Puente, Marta Hernández Conde, Patricia Ruiz, Silvia Alvárez, Jose Luis Martínez, Javier Abad, Natalia Fernández, Christie Perelló, Carlos Fernández‐Carrillo, Carlos Ferre, Maria Trapero, Enrique Fraga, Javier Crespo,
    Hepatology Research.2021; 51(10): 1064.     CrossRef
  • AGA Technical Review on Coagulation in Cirrhosis
    Nicolas M. Intagliata, Perica Davitkov, Alina M. Allen, Yngve T. Falck-Ytter, Jonathan G. Stine
    Gastroenterology.2021; 161(5): 1630.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Anticoagulant in Patients with Cirrhosis Associated with Acute Portal Vein Thrombosis
    Hoon Gil Jo, Youe Ree Kim, Eun Young Cho
    The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(3): 177.     CrossRef
  • Low-molecular-weight heparin followed by rivaroxaban for acute occlusive portomesenteric vein thrombosis in a cirrhotic patient treated with multiple endoscopic variceal procedures
    Xiangbo Xu, Xiaozhong Guo, Ran Wang, Le Wang, Qianqian Li, Fangfang Yi, Hongyu Li, Xingshun Qi
    Annals of Hepatology.2020; 19(5): 573.     CrossRef
  • Recent developments in the field of vascular liver diseases
    Dominique C. Valla
    Liver International.2020; 40(S1): 142.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety study of direct-acting oral anticoagulants for the treatment of chronic portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis
    Ming-hua Ai, Wei-guo Dong, Xiao-ping Tan, Ling Xu, Chao Xu, Qing Zhang, Yan Zhang, Jie Li
    European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2020; 32(10): 1395.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and Safety of Nadroparin Calcium-Warfarin Sequential Anticoagulation in Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhotic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Ting Zhou, Xin Sun, Tao Zhou, Yueyue Li, Xiaoning Chen, Baoquan Cheng, Yanjing Gao
    Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2020; 11(9): e00228.     CrossRef
  • New Insights into the Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Treatment of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Cirrhosis
    Oana Nicoară-Farcău, Guillem Soy, Marta Magaz, Anna Baiges, Fanny Turon, Angeles Garcia-Criado, Marta Barrufet, Marta Burrel, Virginia Hernández-Gea, Juan Carlos García-Pagán
    Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis.2020; 46(06): 673.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Anticoagulants on Experimental Models of Established Chronic Liver Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Rui Zhang, Xiaoquan Huang, Yingyi Jiang, Jian Wang, Shiyao Chen, Alessandro Granito
    Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
  • Harmful and Beneficial Effects of Anticoagulants in Patients With Cirrhosis and Portal Vein Thrombosis
    Chiara Mazzarelli, Marcello Vangeli, Aldo Airoldi
    Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2019; 17(4): 797.     CrossRef
  • A prediction model for successful anticoagulation in cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis
    Kryssia I. Rodriguez-Castro, Alessandro Vitale, Mariangela Fadin, Sarah Shalaby, Patrizia Zerbinati, Maria Teresa Sartori, Stefano Landi, Irene Pettinari, Fabio Piscaglia, Guohong Han, Patrizia Burra, Paolo Simioni, Marco Senzolo
    European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2019; 31(1): 34.     CrossRef
  • Diagnosis, Development, and Treatment of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients With and Without Cirrhosis
    Nicolas M. Intagliata, Stephen H. Caldwell, Armando Tripodi
    Gastroenterology.2019; 156(6): 1582.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulation in the cirrhotic patient
    Laura Turco, Emmanuelle de Raucourt, Dominique-Charles Valla, Erica Villa
    JHEP Reports.2019; 1(3): 227.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulation and Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunting for Treatment of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Jessica P. E. Davis, Amy G. Ogurick, Carrie E. Rothermel, Min-Woong Sohn, Nicolas M. Intagliata, Patrick G. Northup
    Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Treatment of acute portomesenteric venous thrombosis with thrombectomy through a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a single-center experience
    Kerstin Rosenqvist, Charlotte Ebeling Barbier, Fredrik Rorsman, Per Sangfelt, Rickard Nyman
    Acta Radiologica.2018; 59(8): 953.     CrossRef
  • Percutaneous transhepatic intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for variceal bleeding with chronic portal vein occlusion after splenectomy
    Junyang Luo, Mingan Li, Youyong Zhang, Haofan Wang, Mingsheng Huang, Zhengran Li, Junwei Chen, Chun Wu, Jiesheng Qian, Shouhai Guan, Zaibo Jiang
    European Radiology.2018; 28(9): 3661.     CrossRef
  • Timing of anticoagulation for portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: An Italian internist’s perspective
    Nicoletta Riva, Walter Ageno
    Journal of Translational Internal Medicine.2018; 6(1): 6.     CrossRef
  • Transient portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis
    Xingshun Qi, Xiaozhong Guo, Eric M. Yoshida, Nahum Méndez-Sánchez, Valerio De Stefano, Frank Tacke, Andrea Mancuso, Yasuhiko Sugawara, Sien-Sing Yang, Rolf Teschke, Ankur Arora, Dominique-Charles Valla
    BMC Medicine.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With Liver Disease
    Arman Qamar, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Norton J. Greenberger, Robert P. Giugliano
    Journal of the American College of Cardiology.2018; 71(19): 2162.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of anticoagulation in non-malignant portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis
    Tomas Artaza, Miriam Lopes, Marta Romero, Ana-Zaida Gómez, Gema de la Cruz, Juan José Sánchez, Concepción González, Rafael Gómez
    Gastroenterología y Hepatología.2018; 41(10): 611.     CrossRef
  • Long-Term Outcome of Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis
    Marco Senzolo, Nicoletta Riva, Francesco Dentali, Kryssia Rodriguez-Castro, Maria Teresa Sartori, Soo-Mee Bang, Ida Martinelli, Sam Schulman, Adriano Alatri, Jan Beyer-Westendorf, Matteo Nicola Dario Di Minno, Walter Ageno
    Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2018; 9(8): e176.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulant therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis: insights for the clinician
    Stefania Basili, Daniele Pastori, Valeria Raparelli, Francesco Violi
    Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of anticoagulation in non-malignant portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis
    Tomas Artaza, Miriam Lopes, Marta Romero, Ana-Zaida Gómez, Gema de la Cruz, Juan José Sánchez, Concepción González, Rafael Gómez
    Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition).2018; 41(10): 611.     CrossRef
  • Anticoagulation in chronic liver disease
    Ameet Dhar, Benjamin H. Mullish, Mark R. Thursz
    Journal of Hepatology.2017; 66(6): 1313.     CrossRef
  • Warfarin

    Reactions Weekly.2017; 1649(1): 249.     CrossRef
  • Portal Vein Thrombosis and Cirrhosis: The Role of Anticoagulation
    Andrea Mancuso
    Current Hepatology Reports.2017; 16(2): 158.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Anticoagulants in Patients With Cirrhosis and Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Lorenzo Loffredo, Daniele Pastori, Alessio Farcomeni, Francesco Violi
    Gastroenterology.2017; 153(2): 480.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of anticoagulation in more advanced portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis
    Hui Chen, Lei Liu, Xingshun Qi, Chuangye He, Feifei Wu, Daiming Fan, Guohong Han
    European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2016; 28(1): 82.     CrossRef
  • Nontumoral portal vein thrombosis in patients awaiting liver transplantation
    Hui Chen, Fanny Turon, Virginia Hernández‐Gea, Josep Fuster, Angeles Garcia‐Criado, Marta Barrufet, Anna Darnell, Constantino Fondevila, Juan Carlos Garcia‐Valdecasas, Juan Carlos Garcia‐Pagán
    Liver Transplantation.2016; 22(3): 352.     CrossRef
  • Portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis: underdiagnosis and undertreatment?
    Aaron Liew, James Douketis
    Internal and Emergency Medicine.2016; 11(8): 1037.     CrossRef
  • Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic and non cirrhotic patients: from diagnosis to treatment
    Alessandra Dell’Era, Susana Seijo
    Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs.2016; 4(9): 927.     CrossRef
  • Endovascular treatment of acute and chronic portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic liver
    Kerstin Rosenqvist, Lars-Gunnar Eriksson, Fredrik Rorsman, Per Sangfelt, Rickard Nyman
    Acta Radiologica.2016; 57(5): 572.     CrossRef
  • Postoperative Anticoagulants in Preventing Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients Undergoing Splenectomy Because of Liver Cirrhosis: A Meta-Analysis
    Jian-Ying Zhang, Yun-Bing Wang, Jian-Ping Gong, Fan Zhang, Yong Zhao
    The American Surgeon™.2016; 82(12): 1169.     CrossRef
  • Reduced Survival in Bariatric Surgery Candidates Delayed or Denied by Lack of Insurance Approval
    Eleisha Flanagan, Iman Ghaderi, D. Wayne Overby, Timothy M. Farrell
    The American Surgeon™.2016; 82(2): 166.     CrossRef
  • Optimal Management of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: a Review
    Geneviève Huard, Julien Bissonnette, Marc Bilodeau
    Current Hepatology Reports.2015; 14(3): 203.     CrossRef
  • 14,772 View
  • 225 Download
  • 81 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Case Reports

Deficiencies in proteins C and S in a patient with idiopathic portal hypertension accompanied by portal vein thrombosis
Sena Hwang, M.D.1, Do Young Kim, M.D.1, Minju Kim, M.D.2, Young Eun Chon, M.D.1, Hyun Jung Lee, M.D.1, Young-Nyun Park, M.D.2, Jun Yong Park, M.D.1, Sang Hoon Ahn, M.D.1, Kwang-Hyub Han, M.D.1, Chae Yoon Chon, M.D.1
Korean J Hepatol 2010;16(2):176-181.
Published online June 25, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/kjhep.2010.16.2.176
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is an uncommon cause of presinusoidal portal hypertension. Among various hepatoportal disorders, noncirrhotic portal hypertension conditions such as idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) are considered to have a close relation with PVT. PVT is known to have several predisposing conditions, including infection, malignancies, and coagulation disorders. There is growing interest and recognition that deficiencies in proteins C and S are associated with a hypercoagulable state. These deficiencies are regarded as key factors of systemic hypercoagulability and recurrent venous thromboembolism. We report the case of a 19-year-old male diagnosed as IPH with PVT and combined deficiencies in proteins C and S.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Oxaliplatin-induced porto-sinusoidal vascular disease manifesting as recurrent gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage: a case report
    Ruiqi Zhao, Chang Liang, Zhuoqing Zhuang, Yuan Xia, Junzhu Lu, Yan Zhang
    Frontiers in Medicine.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Combined anticoagulant deficiency causing extrahepatic portal venous obstruction: A case report
    Arkadeep Dhali, Rick Maity, Arijit Sinha, Prithviraj Singh, Jyotirmoy Biswas, Gopal Krishna Dhali
    World Journal of Clinical Cases.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Liver Diseases: Focus on Thrombosis
    Lucia Giuli, Maria Pallozzi, Giulia Venturini, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Francesco Santopaolo
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(16): 12754.     CrossRef
  • Diagnosis and Management of Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension
    Jaclyn E. Kagihara, Daniela Goyes, Atoosa Rabiee
    Current Hepatology Reports.2023; 22(4): 252.     CrossRef
  • Porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder
    Andrea De Gottardi, Christine Sempoux, Annalisa Berzigotti
    Journal of Hepatology.2022; 77(4): 1124.     CrossRef
  • Recurrent esophagogastric variceal bleeding due to portal vein thrombosis caused by protein S deficiency
    Haoxiong Zhou, Jieying Xuan, Xianyi Lin, Yunwei Guo
    Endoscopy International Open.2018; 06(11): E1283.     CrossRef
  • Portal vein thrombosis with protein C-S deficiency in a non-cirrhotic patient
    Gustavo A Rodríguez-Leal
    World Journal of Hepatology.2014; 6(7): 532.     CrossRef
  • Clinical and genetic features of protein C deficiency in 23 unrelated Chinese patients
    Qiulan Ding, Wei Shen, Xu Ye, Yingting Wu, Xuefeng Wang, Hongli Wang
    Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases.2013; 50(1): 53.     CrossRef
  • A Case of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis Treated with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin
    Jin Hee Kim, Dong Gun Lee, Su Bin Park, Hyun Jung Lee, Hong Je Kim, Sang Ho Lee, Jae Nam Lee
    Korean Journal of Medicine.2013; 84(1): 76.     CrossRef
  • Portal Vein Thrombosis
    Ku Yong Chung
    Vascular Specialist International.2011; 27(3): 97.     CrossRef
  • A Case of Portal Vein Thrombosis by Protein C and S Deficiency Completely Recanalized by Anticoagulation Therapy
    Bo Kyoung Choi, Soo Hyun Yang, Kang Hum Suh, Jin Ah Hwang, Moon Hyung Lee, Won Keun Si, Ji Ho Kim
    Chonnam Medical Journal.2011; 47(3): 185.     CrossRef
  • 7,375 View
  • 66 Download
  • Crossref
A case of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor invasion controlled by percutaneous ethanol injection therapy
Ik Yoon, M.D., Hyung Joon Yim, M.D., Jin Nam Kim, M.D., Sun Min Park, M.D., Jeong Han Kim, M.D., Seung Hwa Lee, M.D.1, Hwan Hoon Chung, M.D.1, Hong Sik Lee, M.D., Sang Woo Lee, M.D., Jai Hyun Choi, M.D.
Korean J Hepatol 2009;15(1):90-95.
Published online March 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/kjhep.2009.15.1.90
Portal vein invasion is a grave prognostic indicator in the setting of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is currently no effective method for preventing the invasion of HCC into the main portal vein. We report here a case of advanced HCC with portal vein tumor thrombosis that was effectively treated with percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), having previously enabled subsequent successive transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). A 60-year-old male patient was diagnosed with a huge HCC, based on computed tomography and angiographic findings. Despite two sessions of TACE, the tumor invaded the right portal vein. PEI was performed on the malignant portal vein thrombosis, and three sessions thereof reduced the extent of tumor thrombi in the portal vein. Successive TACEs were performed to treat the HCC in the hepatic parenchyma. The patient was still living 19 months after the first PEI with no evidence of tumor recurrence, and his liver function remained well preserved. (Korean J Hepatol 2008;15:90-95)

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • The safety and efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection in the treatment of tumor thrombus in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus
    Bo Sun, Weihua Zhang, Lei Chen, Tao Sun, Yanqiao Ren, Licheng Zhu, Kun Qian, Chuansheng Zheng
    Abdominal Radiology.2022; 47(2): 858.     CrossRef
  • 6,149 View
  • 45 Download
  • Crossref

Original Articles

Efficacy of Transarterial Chemolipiodolization with or without 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for Huge HCC with Portal Tumor Thrombosis
Chan Ran You, M.D., Jeong Won Jang, M.D., Seok Hui Kang, M.D., Si Hyun Bae, M.D., Jong Young Choi, M.D., Seung Kew Yoon, M.D., Ihl Bhong Choi, M.D.1, Dong Hoon Lee, M.D.2, Ho Jong Chun, M.D.2, Byung Gil Choi, M.D.2
Korean J Hepatol 2007;13(3):378-386.
Published online September 20, 2007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/kjhep.2007.13.3.378
Background/Aims
The treatment efficacy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma is poor. This study examined the efficacy and toxicity of 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in combination with transarterial chemolipiodolization (TACL) for a huge hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). Methods: From March 2001 to November 2004, 49 patients with advanced HCC with PVTT (size>8 cm, modified UICC stage IVa) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Twenty two patients underwent more than 2 cycles of TACL (adriamycin 50 mg/m2, cisplatin 60 mg/m2, 5-fluorouracil 200 mg/m2 every 4-6 weeks) without 3D-CRT, while 27 patients underwent consecutive TACL with 3D-CRT (40-45 Gy for 4-5 weeks) that was started one week after the 1st TACL. The response was assessed by a computed tomography (CT) and the serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level at 1-2 month intervals. Results: The objective response rates in the TACL group and TACL with 3D-CRT group were 18% and 48% at 3 months (P=0.051), and 10.5% and 42% at 6 months (P=0.024) respectively. The median survival time was 13 months and 13.5 months in TACL and TACL with 3D-CRT groups, respectively (P=0.502). The treatment response was better in the TACL with 3D-CRT group but there was no significant difference in survival between the two groups. Most toxicities in the two groups were mild, not exceeding grade 1 according to the WHO criteria. Conclusions: For patients with a huge HCC with PVTT, TACL with 3D-CRT achieved some meaningful clinical benefit. Prospective controlled trials will be needed to confirm the real benefit of TACL combined with 3D-CRT. (Korean J Hepatol 2007;13:378-386)

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Multimodal treatment confers best overall survival results in patients with huge hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
    Andrea Chierici, Mohamed El Zibawi, Guido Liddo, Rodolphe Anty, Stefano Granieri, Patrick Chevallier, Antonio Iannelli
    HPB.2024; 26(7): 895.     CrossRef
  • Transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation followed by three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy versus transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation alone for primary hepatocellular carcinoma in adults
    Liming Lu, Jingchun Zeng, Zehuai Wen, Chunzhi Tang, Nenggui Xu
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Advances in non-surgical management of primary liver cancer
    Xiao Chen
    World Journal of Gastroenterology.2014; 20(44): 16630.     CrossRef
  • Multimodality Treatment Involving Radiotherapy for Advanced Liver-Confined Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Hong In Yoon, Jinsil Seong
    Oncology.2014; 87(Suppl. 1): 90.     CrossRef
  • Multimodality Management for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Chihwan Choi, Gi Hong Choi, Tae Hyun Kim, Masatoshi Tanaka, Mao-Bin Meng, Jinsil Seong
    Liver Cancer.2014; 3(3-4): 405.     CrossRef
  • Radiotherapeutic Options for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
    Dong Soo Lee, Jinsil Seong
    Liver Cancer.2014; 3(1): 18.     CrossRef
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: Improved treatment outcomes with external beam radiation therapy
    Ji‐Yoon Kim, Su‐Mi Chung, Byung‐Ock Choi, Chul‐Seung Kay
    Hepatology Research.2011; 41(9): 813.     CrossRef
  • Successful Treatment of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Combined with Transarterial Chemolipiodolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Biliary Obstruction
    Chan-Kwon Park, Si-Hyun Bae, Hong-Jun Yang, Ho-Jong Chun, Il-Bong Choi, Jong-Young Choi, Seung-Kew Yoon
    The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2011; 26(1): 94.     CrossRef
  • Treatment Algorithm for Intermediate and Advanced Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Korea
    Jong Young Choi
    Oncology.2011; 81(s1): 141.     CrossRef
  • Risk of HBV Reactivation According to Viral Status and Treatment Intensity in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Jeong Won Jang, Jung Hyun Kwon, Chan Ran You, Jin Dong Kim, Hyun Young Woo, Si Hyun Bae, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon, Kyu Won Chung
    Antiviral Therapy.2011; 16(7): 969.     CrossRef
  • Approach to radiation therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Shumei Ma, Benzheng Jiao, Xin Liu, Heqing Yi, Dejuan Kong, Lin Gao, Guangtong Zhao, Yu Yang, Xiaodong Liu
    Cancer Treatment Reviews.2010; 36(2): 157.     CrossRef
  • Practice guidelines for management of hepatocellular carcinoma 2009

    The Korean Journal of Hepatology.2009; 15(3): 391.     CrossRef
  • Challenge and Hope in Radiotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Jinsil Seong
    Yonsei Medical Journal.2009; 50(5): 601.     CrossRef
  • 6,478 View
  • 56 Download
  • Crossref
Effect of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt for Variceal bleeding in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Thrombosis
Woo Jin Chung, M.D., Byung Kuk Jang, M.D., Kyung Sik Park, M.D., Kwang Bum Cho, M.D., Jae Seok Hwang, M.D., Sung Hun Ahn, M.D., Yong Hoon Kim, M.D.1, Young Hwan Kim, M.D.2 and Yong Ju Kim, M.D.3
Korean J Hepatol 2005;11(2):157-163.
Background/Aims
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) is commonly used in patients with variceal bleeding. However, this procedure is contraindicated in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein thrombosis. This study was done to evaluate the effect of TIPS in those patients with variceal bleeding. Methods: Between 1997 and 2004, six hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein thrombosis were enrolled in this study due to their variceal bleeding. All the patients underwent TIPS placement to treat the variceal bleeding that had not responded to endoscopic treatment. Effective shunt creation was assessed by the decrease of the portal pressure gradient (less than 12 mmHg) or if good patency and flow were seen on a doppler examination. Results: Shunts were successfully created in all the patients and the bleeding was immediately controlled in the active bleeding cases. The bleeding was caused by esophageal varices in one patient and, by gastric varices in five patients. The HCC types were diffuse or massive in five patients, and a single nodule was present in one patient. All the patients had portal vein thrombosis. Rebleeding was noted in two patients at 10 days and 3 months, respectively, due to the shunt occlusion. Hepatic encephalopathy was noted in two patients. The causes of death were hepatorenal syndrome after 2 weeks in one patient, bleeding due to portal hypertensive gastropathy after 3 weeks in another, and cancer progression after 4 months in third patient. Conclusions: For HCC patients with portal vein thrombosis, TIPS can be an effective treatment modality if uncontrolled variceal bleeding presents when using endoscopic hemostasis or pharmacologic therapy. However, further studies are needed. (Korean J Hepatol 2005;11: 157-163)
  • 4,085 View
  • 37 Download
Efficacy of Repeated Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
Myoung Ki Sim, M.D., Do Young Kim, M.D., Jun Yong Park, M.D., Ja Kyung Kim, M.D., Sung Ai Kim, M.D., Sang Hoon Ahn, M.D., Chae Yoon Chon, M.D., Young Myoung Moon, M.D., Jong Yun Won, M.D.1, Do-Yun Lee, M.D.1, and Kwang-Hyub Han, M.D.
Korean J Hepatol 2005;11(3):268-274.
Background/Aims
The aim of this study is to elucidate the efficacy of repeated hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and different chemotherapeutic regimens for treating patients having advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). Methods: From Jan. 1999 and Dec. 2003, a total of 103 patients diagnosed as having HCC with PVTT, but without extrahepatic spreading, were enrolled in this study. They were stratified into two groups. Group I (67 patients) received intraarterial cisplatin (CDDP, 80 mg/m2 for 2 hours on Day 1), Group Ⅱ (36 patients) received intraarterial CDDP (60 mg/m2 for 2 hours on Day 2) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 500 mg/m2 for 5 hours on Day 1-3). They were scheduled to receive at least three consecutive courses of the HAIC at 1 month intervals. Results: Among the 66 patients who completed the protocol, one (2.5%) and seven (17.5%) patients of group Ⅰ, and one (3.8%) and four (15.4%) of group Ⅱ, exhibited complete and partial responses, respectively. The median survival period of all the patients was 6 months. Group Ⅱ showed a tendency to improve the median survival compared to group Ⅰ (8.5 vs 5.0 months, respectively, P=0.45). The most common adverse reaction was nausea (58.2%). However, an elevation of the total bilirubin level was more frequent in Group Ⅰ than in Group Ⅱ (61.3% vs 20.7%, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions: Repeated HAIC using CDDP achieved favorable results in a few patients with HCC with PVTT, and additional 5-FU may be useful. (Korean J Hepatol 2005;11:268-274)
  • 4,506 View
  • 22 Download

Case Report

A Case of Extrahepatic Portal Vein Thrombosis Treated by Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS)
Young Tak Kim , Hyek Man Kwen , Min Su Kum , Chang Hyeong Lee , Young Oh Kwen , Sung Kook Kim , Yong Hwan Choi , Joon Mo Chung
Korean J Hepatol 1997;3(1):65-69.
Portal vein occlusion has previously been considered as a contraindication for TIPS placement. Several recent reports have suggested that placement of TIPS may be effective in patients with occluded portal veins to embolize varices and recanalize venous obstruction. We experienced a case of variceal bleeding associated with portal vein thrombosis who was success- fully treated with TIPS placement. So we report the case with a brief review of literatures.
  • 3,204 View
  • 16 Download

Original Article

Effect of Low Dose 5-Fluorouracil and Cisplatin Intra-arterial Infusion Chemotherapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Decompensated Cirrhosis
Tae Young Lim, M.D., Jae Youn Cheong, M.D., Sung Won Cho, M.D., Sung Jun Sim, M.D., Jong Su Kim, M.D., Sung Jun Choi, M.D., Jeong Woo Choi, M.D., Hyeok Choon Kwon, M.D., Kee Myung Lee, M.D., Jai Keun Kim, M.D.1, Je Hwan Won, M.D.1, Byung Moo Yoo, M.D., Kwang Jae Lee, M.D., Ki Baik Hahm, M.D. and Jin Hong Kim, M.D.
Korean J Hepatol 2006;12(1):65-73.
Background/Aims
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) has a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of repeated arterial infusions of low dose cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (FU) in patients with advanced HCC with decompensated cirrhosis. Methods: Between January 1995 and December 2003, a total of 79 decompensated cirrhotic patients having HCC and PVT were enrolled and divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (n=40) received intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with cisplatin (10 mg for 5 days) and 5-FU (250 mg for 5 days) via an implanted chemoport every 4 weeks’ and group 2 (n=39) was managed with only conservative treatment. Results: The two groups were well matched with respect to the features relating to the prognosis, including age, gender and the Child- Pugh class. Although diffuse tumor involvement, main portal vein tumor thrombosis and bi-lobar involvement were more frequent in group 1, the median survival period of group 1 was significantly longer than group 2 (5 months vs. 3 months, respectively, P=0.016). Also, the 1-year survival rate of group 1 (7.5%) was higher than that of group 2 (5.1%) (P=0.016). When we analyzed the patients with the Child class B, the survival benefits of intra-arterial chemotherapy were more significant (P=0.008). Conclusions: Intra-arterial chemotherapy consisting of low dose 5-FU and cisplatin achieved favorable results for advanced HCC patients who had decompensated cirrhosis, and it showed better survival in selected patients. This therapy may be useful as a palliative treatment for HCC patients with decompensated cirrhosis. (Korean J Hepatol 2006;12: 65-73)
  • 4,307 View
  • 31 Download

Case Report

A Case of Infiltrative Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Main Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis Successfully Treated by Transarterial Chemoembolization
Sun-Jung Myung, M.D., Jung-Hwan Yoon, M.D., Geum-Youn Gwak, M.D., Cheol Min Shin, M.D., Dong Won Ahn, M.D., Su Jong Yu, M.D., Ji-Won Yu, M.D., Soo-Jeong Cho, M.D., Jin Wook Chung, M.D.1 and Hyo-Suk Lee, M.D.
Korean J Hepatol 2006;12(1):107-111.
A 63-year-old HBsAg-positive male patient was admitted for the evaluation of a liver mass that was detected on ultrasonography. Spiral computed tomography (CT) revealed infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the right hepatic lobe with main portal vein tumor thrombosis. His liver function was Child-Pugh class A and the serum alpha fetoprotein level was 7,400 ng/mL. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) via the right hepatic artery was performed. Following 3 sessions of TACE every 2 months, spiral CT revealed no evidence of viable tumor. The thrombi within the main portal vein disappeared with performing localized hepatic infarction at the site of the previous tumor. He is still alive 15 months after the third TACE without evidence of recurred tumor and his liver function remains well preserved. This case suggests that TACE might be effective and safe even in the patients with infiltrative HCC with main portal vein tumor thrombosis, if the extent of the tumor is limited and the liver function and portal flow via the collaterals are preserved. (Korean J Hepatol 2006;12:107-111)
  • 4,122 View
  • 22 Download

Original Article

Concurrent Chemo - Radiation Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Thrombosis
Jin Suk Kim, M.D., Kwang-Hyub Han, M.D., Do Yun Lee, M.D.* , Jin-Sil Seong, M.D.† , Young Hoon Youn, M.D., Jae Youn Cheong, M.D., Sang Hoon Ahn, M.D., Chae Yoon Chon, M.D., and Young Myoung Moon, M.D.
Korean J Hepatol 2002;8(1):71-79.
Background/Aims
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis has a poor prognosis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effects of concurrent chemo-radiation therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis. Methods: A total of 54 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (TNM stage IVa) were enrolled. Nineteen patients were treated with external beam radiotherapy (4,500 cGy/ 5 weeks) and intrahepatic arterial 5-FU infusion (500 mg on 1-5 day and 30-35 day, respectively) via implanted chemoport. The others were treated with intrahepatic arterial cisplatin infusion (80 mg/m2). Results: In patients treated with concurrent chemo-radiation therapy, response rates at 2nd and 6th months were 42.1% and 26.3%, respectively. In patients treated with intrahepatic arterial cisplatin therapy, response rates at 2nd and 6th months were 2.9% and 0%, respectively. The median survival time was 11.6 months in concurrent chemo-radiation therapy and 4.8 months in intrahepatic arterial cisplatin infusion therapy. Concurrent chemo-radiation therapy produced better response rates and longer survival time than those of intrahepatic arterial cisplatin infusion therapy (p<0.05). Conclusions: Concurrent chemo-radiation therapy achieved favorable results in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis and can be considered as a treatment option for the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.(Korean J Hepatol 2002;8:71-79)
  • 3,951 View
  • 19 Download
Case Report
A Case of Cavernoma of Portal Vein associated with Polycythemia Vera
Kyoung-Tae Kim, M.D.1, Sung-Wook Lee, M.D.1, Sang-Young Han, M.D.1, Byoung-Hee Kim, M.D.1, Ki-Tae Kang, M.D.1, Myung-Hwan Roh, M.D.1, and Jin-Yeong Han, M.D.2
Korean J Hepatol 2006;12(4):568-573.
Cavernoma of the portal vein is defined as a formation of venous channels within or around a previously thrombosed portal vein. We experienced a 50-year-old woman who presented a huge hepatic mass with right upper quadrant dull pain. Abdominal computed tomography showed a huge sponge-like hepatic mass with cavernous transformation of portal vein along the common bile duct and common hepatic duct. She had increased hemoglobin/hematocrit (15.7 g/dL/49.1%) and red blood cell mass (35 mL/kg). Platelet count was 450,000/?L and white blood cell count was 13,500/?L. Erythropoietin level was low normal range (10.2 mU/ mL). Bone marrow biopsy showed a moderately hypercellular marrow and overall cellularity was about 80- 90%. Megakaryocytes were slightly increased in number with abnormal clusterings Myelopoiesis and erythropoiesis were also slightly increased with moderate to severe fibrosis. She was diagnosed as polycythemia vera with cavernous transformation of portal vein. Repeated thrombosis occurred in the leg and the toe and was treated with angioplasty and thrombolytic therapy with phlebotomy. (Korean J Hepatol 2006;12:568-573)
  • 4,452 View
  • 20 Download
First First Prev Prev
Page of 1
Next Next Last Last
Clin Mol Hepatol : Clinical and Molecular Hepatology
Twitter