Clin Mol Hepatol > Volume 31(2); 2025 > Article
Semmler, Balcar, and Mandorfer: Decreasing systemic inflammation after TIPS: Still hope for the liver: Reply to correspondence on “Insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt leads to sustained reversal of systemic inflammation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis”
Dear Editor,
We thank Anja Thiede and Benjamin Maasoumy [1] for adding additional important thoughts on the potential effect of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) on systemic inflammation (SI) [2,3], highlighting the anti-inflammatory potency of TIPS as being likely higher compared to other treatment options such as non-selective beta-blockers [4,5] a cornerstone for the therapy of clinically significant portal hypertension [6,7]. Just yesterday, the final results from the LIVERHOPE study were published, showing no effect of combined simvastatin 20 mg with rifaximin 1,200 mg on the incidence of acute-on-chronic liver failure or death in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (~80% with ChildPugh B, 90% with previous ascites, but only 37% with ascites grade 2 or 3 at study inclusion) [8]. While only data on Creactive protein (CRP) were shown, these indicated no effect on CRP over the study period or between the simvastatin/rifaximin or placebo groups, which is likely related to a less advanced patient population at study inclusion, as outlined above. Also, median CRP levels were within the normal range at baseline, making any anti-inflammatory effect of such a treatment less likely (compare regression to the mean), acknowledging all limitations of CRP as reflecting the full anti-inflammatory properties of simvastatin/rifaximin. Here, the promising data after TIPS showing a reduction in SI that indeed translated into an improved outcome [9] still give “hope” for a disease-modifying treatment in patients with (refractory) ascites that otherwise suffer from high mortality [10,11], and confirmatory data from randomized controlled trials are eagerly awaited.

FOOTNOTES

Authors’ contribution
Drafting of the manuscript (G.S., L.B., M.M.), critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content (G.S., L.B., M.M.).
Conflicts of Interest
G.S. received travel support from Amgen. L.B. has nothing to disclose. M.M. received grant support from Echosens, served as a consultant and/or advisory board member and/or speaker for AbbVie, Collective Acumen, Echosens, Gilead, Ipsen, Takeda, and W. L. Gore & Associates and received travel support from AbbVie and Gilead.

Abbreviations

CRP
C-reactive protein
SI
systemic inflammation
TIPS
transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

REFERENCES

1. Tiede A, Maasoumy B. TIPS insertion and systemic inflammation: Is it ever too late to lower portal pressure: Correspondence to editorial on “Insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt leads to sustained reversal of systemic inflammation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis”. Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31:e176-e179.
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2. Tiede A, Stockhoff L, Liu Z, Rieland H, Mauz JB, Ohlendorf V, et al. Insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt leads to sustained reversal of systemic inflammation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31:240-255.
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3. Semmler G, Balcar L, Mandorfer M. Treating systemic inflammation by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: Editorial on “Insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt leads to sustained reversal of systemic inflammation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis”. Clin Mol Hepatol 2025;31:615-619.
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4. Jachs M, Hartl L, Schaufler D, Desbalmes C, Simbrunner B, Eigenbauer E, et al. Amelioration of systemic inflammation in advanced chronic liver disease upon beta-blocker therapy translates into improved clinical outcomes. Gut 2021;70:1758-1767.
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9. Kornfehl A, Tiede A, Hemetsberger P, Kappel J, Müllner-Bucsics T, Stockhoff L, et al. Decreasing interleukin-6 levels after TIPS predict outcomes in decompensated cirrhosis. JHEP Reports 2024;7:101308.
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10. Balcar L, Tonon M, Semmler G, Calvino V, Hartl L, Incicco S, et al. Risk of further decompensation/mortality in patients with cirrhosis and ascites as the first single decompensation event. JHEP Rep 2022;4:100513.
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11. Tonon M, Balcar L, Semmler G, Calvino V, Scheiner B, Incicco S, et al. Etiological cure prevents further decompensation and mortality in patients with cirrhosis with ascites as the single first decompensating event. Hepatology 2023;78:1149-1158.
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