¹Department of Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
²School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
³Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
⁴Department of Internal Medicine B, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
⁵European Foundation for Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona, Spain
⁶Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
⁷Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
⁸Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
⁹Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an, China
¹⁰National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China

Corresponding author:  Yee Hui Yeo,
Email: yeehui.yeo@cshs.org
Fanpu Ji,
Email: jifanpu1979@163.com

Received: 27 October 2025   • Accepted: 4 November 2025